1 School of Thermal Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China
2 Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Buildings and Built Environments, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
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文章历史+
Received
Published
Revised
2025-12-26
2026-10-18
2026-04-07
Online Date
2026-10-30
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摘要
为厘清室外热舒适影响因素的层级结构、交互关系与作用路径,完善室外热舒适理论体系,对室外热舒适影响因素进行梳理分类,通过解释结构模型与交叉影响矩阵相乘(interpretive structural modeling and matrices impacts croises-multiplication appliance classement,ISM-MICMAC)方法,构建因素系统的递阶结构模型并分析驱动-依赖特征。结果表明:9项因素可划分为4级层级结构,气候特征为根本驱动因素,微环境因素、街区空间形态与社会因素为第三层级的关键驱动因素,热经历与个人因素为衔接环境刺激与个人感知的第二层级因素,生理、心理与行为因素为影响热舒适的表层直接因素;MICMAC分析将因素划分为独立因素、自治因素与依赖因素3类,无联动因素,明确了系统内各因素的作用地位。研究揭示了室外热舒适影响因素的交互路径与系统结构,可为室外热舒适影响机理研究提供框架支撑,有助于丰富和完善室外热舒适理论体系。
Abstract
To clarify the hierarchical structure, interaction relationships, and influence pathways of the factors affecting outdoor thermal comfort, and to improve the theoretical framework of outdoor thermal comfort, the factors influencing outdoor thermal comfort were classified and systematically summarized. The interpretive structural modeling and matrices impacts croises-multiplication appliance classement (ISM-MICMAC) method was adopted. A hierarchical structural model of the factor system was constructed. Its driving-dependence characteristics were analyzed. The results show that the nine factors are divided into a four-level hierarchical structure. Climatic characteristics are the fundamental driving factor. Microclimate factors, street-scale spatial form, and social factors are the key driving factors at the third level. Thermal experience and individual factors are the second-level factors linking environmental stimuli and individual perception. Physiological, psychological, and behavioral factors are the surface-level direct factors influencing thermal comfort. The MICMAC analysis classifies the factors into three categories: independent factors, autonomous factors, and dependent factors. No linkage factors are identified. The functional positions of the factors within the system are thus clarified. The interaction pathways and system structure of the factors influencing outdoor thermal comfort are revealed. A framework is provided for research on the influencing mechanisms of outdoor thermal comfort. The theoretical framework of outdoor thermal comfort is also enriched and improved.
XU Tian-tian, JIANG Cheng-lin, DU Chen-qiu, LIU Ji-ying.
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Science Technology and Engineering, 2026, 26(29): 12726-12734 DOI:10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2508873
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