School of Information Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116000, China
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文章历史+
Received
Published
Revised
2025-10-31
2026-10-18
2026-04-07
Online Date
2026-10-30
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摘要
针对传统信号预处理方法在去噪与特征保留间难以平衡,容易导致丢失微弱损伤特征的问题,提出了一种基于自适应噪声抑制小波变换(Adaptive Noise Suppression Wavelet Transform,ANR-WT)与多分支CTM模型的损伤诊断方法。该模型首先通过ANR-WT自适应地提取信号的时频图与多尺度小波序列,并辅以物理特征向量,形成多模态特征表征。进而,设计了一个协同式的三分支网络:通过MobileNetV2卷积神经网络分支提取时频图像空间特征,利用Transformer分支捕捉小波序列的全局依赖,采用多层感知器分支学习物理特征的内在规律,最后融合这三类互补特征。跨数据集泛化实验表明,该模型在美国凯斯西储大学(Case Western Reserve University,CWRU)数据集上平均诊断准确率达到99.91%,在江南大学(Jiangnan University,JNU)轴承数据集上最高准确率达到98.20%,表明了该方法相较于传统方法在滚动轴承损伤诊断中的优异性能和良好的跨域泛化能力。
Abstract
A damage diagnosis method based on adaptive noise suppression wavelet transform (ANR-WT) and a multi-branch CTM model was proposed. First, the time-frequency map and multi-scale wavelet sequence of the signal were adaptively extracted using ANR-WT, and physical feature vectors were supplemented to form a multi-modal feature characterization. Furthermore, a cooperative three-branch network was designed: MobileNetV2 convolutional neural network branches extracted time-frequency image spatial features, Transformer branches captured the global dependence of wavelet series, and multilayer perceptron branches learned the internal laws of physical features. Ultimately, these three complementary features were fused. Cross-dataset generalization experiments demonstrated that the average diagnostic accuracy of this model reached 99.91% on the Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) dataset, while the highest diagnostic accuracy reached 98.20% on the Jiangnan University (JNU) bearing dataset. These results indicated that this method exhibits excellent performance and strong cross-domain generalization ability compared to traditional methods in rolling bearing damage diagnosis.
DU Jing-yi, LI Ran, LI Ming-qiang, LIU Qi, JING Ying, JIANG Zhuo, FU Zi-yang.
Damage Diagnosis Model Based on Adaptive Noise-reduction Wavelet Transform and Multi-branch Architecture[J].
Science Technology and Engineering, 2026, 26(29): 12671-12678 DOI:10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2507584
为评估所提出的特征预处理方法和三路特征融合损伤诊断模型的有效性和准确性,利用美国凯斯西储大学(Case Western Reserve University,CWRU)数据集和江南大学(Jiangnan University,JNU)数据集进行实验验证。实验中所有模型均使用相同的超参数进行训练,最大轮次为50,批次大小为32。使用ReduceLROnPlateau策略调整学习率,以衰减系数0.5和耐心值15个轮次动态调整学习率。初始学习率设置为1×10-3,选择损失函数收敛稳定的模型作为最终的分类模型。具体的参数如表2所示。
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