In order to resolve the Lamb wave multi-modal aliasing in grounding grid down-conductors due to boundary conditions, dispersion effects, and geometric structures, a hybrid method combining particle swarm optimization (PSO) and orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) was used to investigate the mechanisms of Lamb wave modal separation and identification in complex environments. The results show that by taking the second-order Taylor expansion of the Lamb wave wavenumber function k(ω) as the core theoretical foundation, the modal separation problem is transformed into a sparse estimation problem for (k0,k1,k2), yielding interpretable parameters consistent with dispersion curves. Meanwhile, PSO is employed to globally search for atoms in the continuous parameter space, thereby avoiding errors associated with traditional discrete dictionaries. Additionally, OMP is utilized to suppress repeated modal selection and energy mismatch under strong aliasing conditions through orthogonalized reconstruction. In simulations and measured signal validations with modal aliasing degrees of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%, the method successfully separated aliased modal components such as A0, A1, A2, S0, S1, and S2, and accurately extracted their dispersion characteristic parameters, and the estimation accuracy of parameters (k0,k1,k2) is improved by 1-3 orders of magnitude compared to the benchmark methods. It is concluded that this method, through the theoretical correlation between dispersion characteristics and wavenumber expansion coefficients, partially resolves the issue of multi-modal Lamb wave signal analysis. It provides a systematic solution for enhancing the accuracy of grounding grid down-conductor detection and analyzing complex Lamb wave signals.
ZHANG Jing, LIU Wei, BAO Ming-hui, LIU Xu-hua, ZHAO Xin, DAI Jia-hao, FU Zhi-hong.
Lamb Wave Mode Separation Using Orthogonal Matching Pursuit Algorithm[J].
Science Technology and Engineering, 2026, 26(25): 10896-10908 DOI:10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2507541
线性金属材料(如铜、铝、镀锌钢)因其高导电性和机械强度,广泛用于多种工业场合,但长期工作后可能会形成开裂[1],导致安全隐患。基于超声导波的结构健康监测可以很好地解决传统技术的这些弊端,其中Lamb波作为一种常见的超声导波更是得到广泛应用[2]。在板状结构中,这种超声导波被称为Lamb波,由于其传播距离长和覆盖范围广等显著优势,已被广泛应用于板类结构的无损检测和健康监测领域[3]。该技术因其在薄壁大尺度结构中传播距离远、衰减小的特性[4],可有效实现结构健康监测(structural health monitoring,SHM)与无损评估(non-destructive evaluation,NDE)。相比漏磁、涡流和射线检测等传统方法,Lamb波检测在缺陷识别中更具潜力[5],因其高效且无需复杂设备。
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