School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
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文章历史+
Received
Published
Revised
2025-10-26
2026-07-08
2026-02-11
Online Date
2026-08-06
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摘要
针对大型储罐除锈机器人在立面作业过程中易受到风力扰动、曲率突变导致轨迹跟踪精度下降的问题,提出一种基于模糊模型预测控制(fuzzy model predictive control,Fuzzy-MPC)策略。首先,构建四轮机器人运动学模型并离散化,得出一个采样周期内的线性离散方程。建立预测模型与多目标优化函数,采用二次优化求最优解。通过对位置误差与航向角误差进行模糊归一化处理,并将其作为模糊控制器的输入变量。采用改进型加权中心平均法进行解模糊计算,输出自适应调整的预测步长、控制步长及权重矩阵参数,实现对MPC控制器参数的实时优化。采用MATLAB/Simulink进行仿真验证,结果表明所提出的模糊MPC方法相较于传统MPC能使位移误差减少49%、误差峰值减少14.65%,航向角误差减少46.7%、误差峰值减少17.4%,验证了所提出的Fuzzy-MPC算法的有效性,为爬壁机器人高精度轨迹跟踪控制提供有效可行的优化策略。
Abstract
Aiming at the problem of trajectory tracking accuracy degradation in large-scale tank derusting robots during vertical wall operation due to wind disturbances and sudden curvature changes, a strategy based on fuzzy model predictive control was proposed. Firstly, the kinematic model of a four-wheeled robot was constructed and discretized to derive a linear discrete equation within one sampling period. A prediction model and a multi-objective optimization function weere established, and the optimal solution was obtained via quadratic optimization. The position error and heading angle error undergo fuzzification and normalization processing, and were subsequently used as input variables to the fuzzy controller. An improved weighted center average method was employed for defuzzification, which outputed adaptively adjusted parameters for the prediction horizon, control horizon, and weight matrices, thereby achieving real-time optimization of the MPC controller parameters. Simulation verification conducted using MATLAB/Simulink demonstrates that compared to traditional MPC(model predictive control), the proposed fuzzy MPC method reduces the displacement error by 49% and its peak value by 14.65%, while reducing the heading angle error by 46.7% and its peak value by 17.4%, the effectiveness of the proposed Fuzzy-MPC algorithm is verified, which provides an effective and feasible optimization strategy for high-precision trajectory tracking control of wall-climbing robots.
GAO Chun-yan, XIE Heng, LÜ Xiao-ling, LI Man-hong.
Trajectory Tracking Control of Four-wheeled Wall-climbing Robot Based on Fuzzy MPC[J].
Science Technology and Engineering, 2026, 26(19): 7998-8004 DOI:10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2507453
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