1 School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
2 Lanzhou West Locomotive Depot, China Railway Lanzhou Group Co., Ltd., Lanzhou 730079, China
3 CRRC Lanzhou Co., Ltd., Lanzhou 730050, China
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文章历史+
Received
Published
Revised
2025-10-24
2026-08-28
2026-02-06
Online Date
2026-09-04
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摘要
为了提升动态无线电能传输(dynamic wireless power transfer,Dynamic WPT)中的磁耦合线圈的抗偏移能力,并保证电能传输的高效性,结合平线圈强耦合特点和锥形螺线圈的磁场均匀分布优势,提出一种由平面圆形线圈与锥形螺线圈构成的复合发射线圈,并以赛道型线圈为接收线圈建立了新型电能磁耦合传输机构,利用Neuman公式对磁耦合机构互感进行了计算,并使用Maxwell软件对不同磁芯组合的磁耦合机构传输特性进行分析,探究了线圈结构参数、磁芯组合对系统漏磁、抗偏移性能和传输效率的影响规律。最后运用遗传算法(genetic algorithm,GA)-粒子群优化算法(particle swarm optimization,PSO)优化算法,对线圈结构参数进行了优化设计,从而获得一种具有较强抗偏移性能的高效无线电能传输系统,并基于该传输系统搭建无线电能传输平台,对系统的传输性能进行验证。结果表明:增加锥形线圈与水平面之间夹角能够提升复合线圈传输机构的抗偏移能力,但会导致最大耦合系数下降;采用盘形和U型磁芯可以减小磁耦合机构漏磁,增强磁耦合性能;优化的磁耦合系统能够在收发线圈发生偏移的情况下,保证较大传输功效。
Abstract
To enhance the anti-misalignment capability of magnetic coupling coils in dynamic wireless power transfer (Dynamic WPT) while ensuring high-efficiency power transmission, based on the strong coupling characteristic of planar coils and the advantage of uniform magnetic field distribution of conical helical coils, a compound transmitting coil that combined a planar circular coil with a conical solenoid was proposed. And a novel magnetic coupling power transfer mechanism was established using a racetrack coil as the receiving coil. The mutual inductance of the magnetic coupling mechanism was calculated based on Neumann’s formula, and the Maxwell software was employed to analyze the transfer characteristics of the magnetic coupling mechanism with different magnetic core combinations. The effects of coil structural parameters and magnetic core combinations on system magnetic flux leakage, anti-misalignment performance, and transfer efficiency were investigated. Finally, the genetic algorithm (GA)-particle swarm optimization (PSO) optimization algorithm was applied to optimize the coil structural parameters, thereby obtaining a high-efficiency WPT system with strong anti-misalignment performance. A WPT platform was built based on this transfer system to verify the system’s transfer performance. The results show that increasing the angle between the conical coil and the horizontal plane can improve the anti-misalignment capability of the composite coil transfer mechanism, but it leads to a decrease in the maximum coupling coefficient. The use of disk-shaped and U-shaped magnetic cores can be used to reduce the magnetic flux leakage of the magnetic coupling mechanism and enhance its magnetic coupling performance. The optimized magnetic coupling system can maintain high transfer efficiency even when there is misalignment between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil.
LI Meng-qiang, SHI Hui-rong, ZHANG Hong-yan, GAO De-yang, LIU Ji-wei, JIA Qiang.
Characteristic Analysis and Optimization of a Wireless Power Transfer Mechanism Based on Conical Compound Coil[J].
Science Technology and Engineering, 2026, 26(24): 10446-10457 DOI:10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2507434
线圈模型及其参数如图2所示。图2中接收线圈匝数为10,发射线圈的总匝数是20,导线直径为2.5 mm。为比较平线圈和复合线圈的传输特性,在发射线圈总匝数相同情况下,当θ以15°为步长从0°~90°变化时,对接收线圈分别在y向-200~200 mm 与x向0~40 mm范围内发生相对偏移的工况进行分析,研究复合发射线圈结构参数对传输机构耦合特性的影响规律。
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