1 School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
2 National Engineering Research Center of Geological Disaster Prevention Technology in Land Transportation, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
The damage inflicted by fault movement on tunnel engineering structures is a critical concern that warrants thorough investigation. Conducting in-depth research on the elastoplastic damage behavior of tunnel structures under fault activity is held to possess significant theoretical and practical engineering value. By utilizing ABAQUS finite element software in conjunction with laboratory-scale model testing, the influence of flexible joints and error-reducing layers (anti-error measures implemented within tunnels) on the structural error resistance performance under fault displacement was comprehensively analyzed. Furthermore, CDP (concrete damaged plasticity) model was employed to evaluate the damage characteristics of tunnel lining structures. Based on the combined results of numerical simulations and physical model tests, the optimal design parameter ranges for these error-resistant measures were determined, and their effectiveness was validated. The findings indicate that when subjected to significant fault offsets, tunnel linings equipped with flexible joints featuring a unit stiffness ratio of 0.3∶1 ≤K≤1.2∶1 demonstrate a marked reduction in structural damage severity. Additionally, an error-reducing layer with a unit stiffness ratio close to 1∶4 000 is found to achieve the most effective error-resistant performance. Under a fault displacement of 1 meter, severe structural damage is experienced by an unprotected circular tunnel within a ±20 m radius from the fault zone. Specifically, compressive failure occurs in the crown area between -20 and 0 m, while tensile failure accompanied by severe detachment, collapse, and shear misalignment is observed between 0 and 20 m. These research outcomes provide valuable insights and references for the seismic-resistant design of long tunnels in seismically active regions.
ZENG Jia-long, SHEN Yu-sheng, FENG Ting-yang, YU Yi-lin, WANG Chao, WANG Hao-kang.
Elastoplastic Damage of Tunnel Structures and Model Test under Reverse Fault Action[J].
Science Technology and Engineering, 2026, 26(26): 11459-11470 DOI:10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2507426
如图5、图6及图7所示,随着断层错动距离的增加,隧道衬砌的拉压损伤指数上升,当断层错动从0.5 m增加到1.0 m时,无措施隧道的压缩损伤指数从0.61增加至0.94,增幅为54%,拉伸损伤指数从0.68增加至0.72,并且在断层错动量U=0.5 m 时拉伸损伤占主导地位,断层错动量U=1.0 m 时压缩损伤占主导地位;采用较高单位刚度比(工况3)时,在断层错动0.5、1.0 m下,隧道衬砌全部处于中等损坏或严重损坏状态;采用较低单位刚度比(工况5)时,在较大错动距离下,隧道衬砌的损伤等级显著降低,可从中等损坏恢复至轻微损坏状态。
SongS, ShenY, YuY, et al. Shaking table test on seismic response and failure characteristics of buried pipeline-tunnel structure crossing fault fracture zone[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology Incorporating Trenchless Technology Research, 2026, 167: 107006.
CuiGuangyao, WuXiugang, WangMingnian, et al. Model tests on damping of shock absorption layer of stick-slip fracture tunnel in highly seismic areas[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2017, 39(11): 2125-2131.
SuWei, TaoWeiming, YiPenghao, et al. Misalignment influence zone and misalignment resistance of segmental lining of tunnel through strike-slip faults[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2024, 24(18): 7534-7541.
SuWei, TaoWeiming, KuangLiang, et al. Experimental study on anti-dislocation performance of flexible joints in tunnels crossing strike-slip faults[J]. Railway Standard Design, 2025, 69(6): 123-133.
[12]
闫高明. 强震区跨断层山岭隧道结构柔性接头力学机理研究[D]. 重庆: 西南交通大学, 2020.
[13]
YanGaoming. Mechanical mechanism study of fault-crossing mountain tunnel with flexible joint in strong seismic areas[D]. Chongqing: Southwest Jiaotong University, 2020.
MaYalina, ChenYaqi, LiuJiguo, et al. Research on failure mec-hanism of tunnel with articulated lining crossing strike-slip fault[J]. Modern Tunnelling Technology, 2023, 60(5): 136-147.
[16]
SAn, TaoL J, HanX C, et al. Application of two-level design method on subway tunnel crossing active fault: a case study on Urumqi subway tunnel intersected by reverse fault dislocation[J]. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 2021, 80: 3871-3884.
[17]
WangQ, GengP, LiP, et al. Failure analysis of circumferential joints and preferable bolt form of shield tunnel under normal fault dislocation[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2024, 146: 105648.
WangYuhang. Damage analysis of tunnel lining under normal fault creep slip and study on high toughness anti-fault lining materials[D]. Changchun: Jilin University, 2024.
YuHaitao, Xuhualin, WeiYibo. Seismic fragility analysis met-hod for evaluation of dislocation resistance of tunnels crossing active fault zones[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2024, 46(10): 2060-2068.
ZhangXi, ShenYusheng, YiPenghao, et al. Study on response characteristic of tunnel self-adaptive structure crossing multi-fault fracture zone under creep-slip motion[J]. Railway Standard Design, 2024, 68(5): 137-146.
[24]
ZhangX, ShenY S, ZhouP F, et al. Partitions of seismic affected zone and characteristics of segmental lining based on energy principle[J]. Journal of Central South University, 2023, 30(1): 227-242.
ZhangXi, ShenYusheng, ChangMingyu, et al. Shaking table test research on seismic damage and failure of tunnel segmental lining crossing multiple rupture surfaces[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2023, 42(9): 2237-2252.
[27]
刘凯旋. 穿越断层破碎带隧道动力响应与安全性评价研究[D]. 天津: 天津大学, 2022.
[28]
LiuKaixuan. Study on dynamic response and safety evaluation of tunnel crossing fault fracture zone[D]. Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2022.
[29]
ShenY S, WangZ Z, YuJ, et al. Shaking table test on flexible joints of mountain tunnels passing through normal fault[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2020, 98: 103299.
WangHaokang, ShenYusheng, PanXiaohai, et al. Experimental study on dynamic characteristics of tunnels crossing multi-fault fracture zones in strong earthquake regions[J]. Modern Tunnelling Technology, 2025, 62(1): 212-220, 230.