The influence of different chemical environments on the deformation characteristics of red sandstone was investigated by combining uniaxial compression tests with digital image correlation (DIC) technology. The evolution of surface strain fields of red sandstone under acidic, neutral and alkaline conditions was systematically examined. On the basis that the microelement strength of rock follows a log-normal distribution, the effects of the mean strength and dispersion of microelement strength on deformation characteristics were further analyzed. By incorporating the Drucker-Prager (D-P) strength failure criterion, a chemical damage constitutive model based on strain non-uniformity was established. The results show that, during uniaxial compression, strain localization of specimens in a neutral environment mainly occurs in the end regions, whereas in acidic and alkaline environments, strain localization appears not only at the ends but also in the middle region. With increasing acidity or alkalinity of the solution, strain localization is initiated at an earlier stage. This behavior is attributed to the alteration of the internal microstructure of the rock by acidic and alkaline corrosion, which leads to a decrease in the microelement mean strength and an increase in the dispersion of strength distribution, thereby accelerating the accumulation of local damage. By introducing a chemical damage variable and considering the influence of the chemical environment on rock microelements, the proposed damage constitutive model can accurately predict the stress-strain behavior of red sandstone, providing new theoretical support for understanding deformation mechanisms and engineering applications of rocks in complex chemical environments.
ZHANG Shu-guang, ZHAO Shu-tian, HAN Jin-xin, LIU Wen-bo, SUN Xiao-dong, LI Ying-bo.
Hydrochemical Effects on Strain Field of Red Sandstone and Strain-based Damage Model[J].
Science Technology and Engineering, 2026, 26(23): 9830-9840 DOI:10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2507165
化学损伤模型是研究化学环境中岩石力学性能演化规律的重要工具,其核心在于描述化学侵蚀对岩石内部微观结构及宏观力学性能的耦合影响[11]。围绕化学损伤对岩石力学性能与变形机制的影响,中外已开展了大量试验与理论研究。Lin等[12]基于核磁共振(nuclear magnetic resonance,NMR)技术和单轴压缩试验,系统分析了化学腐蚀对砂岩孔隙结构及力学指标的影响,结果表明化学腐蚀显著增加砂岩孔隙率,降低强度和弹性模量并提高峰值应变。以孔隙率变化为基础引入化学损伤变量,并考虑压实效应提出了适用于化学环境下砂岩的损伤本构模型。周文强等[13]通过酸性环境干湿循环试验,研究了不同pH条件下石灰岩质量损失率、饱水率及抗拉强度、单轴抗压强度和弹性模量的演化规律,发现溶液pH越低,质量劣化与力学退化越明显;在此基础上,基于Weibull分布与Mohr-Coulomb强度准则并结合连续损伤理论,构建了石灰岩损伤本构模型。Li等[14]通过单轴压缩试验研究酸浸砂岩的力学响应,发现酸性腐蚀显著降低岩石强度,使其破坏模式由脆性向延性转变。同时,提出了一个考虑应力-应变曲线压密阶段的统计损伤模型,并结合CT(computed tomography)图像建立了反映酸性腐蚀砂岩特性的有限元模型。Han等[15]以孔隙率变化为基础定义岩石化学损伤变量,研究表明断裂韧度、单轴抗压强度和抗拉强度与化学损伤变量呈负指数关系,而内聚力、内摩擦角及P波速度与损伤变量呈负线性关系,从而为岩石化学损伤的定量表征提供了依据。张淑坤等[16]通过单轴压缩试验考察化学腐蚀与冻融耦合作用下大理岩的力学特性,指出化学腐蚀形成的孔隙为水分渗透提供通道,增强了冻胀效应并加剧岩石内部结构崩解与裂隙贯通,并基于能量理论建立了化学-冻融耦合作用下大理岩的损伤本构模型。Zhang等[17]通过试验发现,酸性溶液腐蚀会显著增加红砂岩孔隙率并降低波速,而碱性溶液虽同样增大孔隙率,但由于其内部新生成能传递声波的胶结物,因此认为采用波速和孔隙率变化规律定义化学损伤变量将会存在误差。为此,如何选用一个合适的化学损伤变量成为建立化学损伤本构模型的关键问题之一。
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