Institute of Systems Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China
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文章历史+
Received
Published
Revised
2025-10-02
2026-08-28
2026-01-14
Online Date
2026-09-04
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摘要
针对大型深水试验舱温压复合模拟能耗大、成本高以及温度控制响应滞后等问题,提出一种非集成式温压复合传递装置解决方案。为提升装置综合性能,对其在深水高压环境下的耐压需求以及传热能力开展分析,并进行多目标优化研究。首先,为确保结构完整性,引入传压结构径向变形模型,确定了螺旋式换热管在屈服与屈曲失效模式下临界压力计算方法,探究关键结构参数的敏感性及其对临界压力的影响规律。其次,为实现试件尺寸解耦的传热性能评价,构建“传热系数-单位长度压降”综合评价因子,揭示了关键设计参数的热力学敏感特性。进而,建立了以螺旋式换热管外径、壁厚及螺旋半径为变量,以最大化临界压力和综合评价因子为优化目标的多目标优化模型。采用非支配排序遗传算法(non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm Ⅱ,NSGA-Ⅱ)算法获取Pareto前沿,结合熵权-逼近理想解排序法(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution,TOPSIS)决策确定了最优设计解。试验表明:优化设计的装置能满足35 MPa压力环境使用需求,且装置内压力与舱内压力保持一致,表现出优异的压力动态跟随特性。装置内环境温度由23 ℃调控至3 ℃,控温响应时间为83 min,稳态温度相对波动为4%,装置兼具强换热特性与高控制精度。通过“设计-分析-优化-验证”的完整流程,为深水环境模拟提供了一套以性能优化为核心的高效解决方案。
Abstract
To solve the problems of high energy consumption, high operating cost, and slow temperature response in coupled temperature-pressure simulations of large-scale deep-water test chambers, a non-integrated temperature-pressure transfer device was developed. In this device, accurate pressure transfer was realized through elastic deformation of a rubber pressure-transmitting structure, while precise control of the surrounding temperature was achieved using a helical heat exchange tube. To improve the performance of the device, the pressure resistance and heat transfer behavior under deep-water high-pressure conditions were systematically analyzed, followed by a multi-objective optimization study. Firstly, a radial deformation model was established to describe the mechanical response of the pressure-transmitting structure and ensure structural safety. A calculation method was proposed to determine the critical pressure of the helical heat exchange tube under yielding and buckling failure modes. The sensitivity of key structural parameters and their impact on critical pressure were also examined. Secondly, to evaluate heat transfer performance without the influence of specimen size, a comprehensive evaluation factor defined as the heat transfer coefficient per unit pressure drop was introduced. This factor was used to analyze the thermal sensitivity of heat transfer performance with respect to major design parameters. Then, a multi-objective optimization model was built by selecting the outer diameter, wall thickness, and helical radius of the heat exchange tube as design variables. The optimization aimed to maximize both the critical pressure and the comprehensive evaluation factor. The non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II(NSGA-II) algorithm was used to obtain the Pareto front, and the optimal design was selected by combining the entropy weight method with the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution(TOPSIS) decision method. Experimental results show that the optimized device operates reliably under a pressure of 35 MPa. The internal pressure of the device matches the chamber pressure, indicating good dynamic pressure-following behavior. The internal ambient temperature is controlled from 23 ℃ to 3 ℃, with a temperature response time of 83 min and a relative steady-state temperature fluctuation of 4%. The device demonstrates efficient heat transfer performance and high temperature control accuracy. Through a complete “design-analysis-optimization-verification” process, this work provides an efficient solution for deep-water environmental simulation centered on performance optimization.
在多目标优化问题中,Pareto前沿解集中的所有解均为非劣解,不存在使所有目标同时达到最优的唯一解。采用熵权-逼近理想解排序法(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution,TOPSIS)法进行多属性决策。该方法包含两个核心步骤[24]。
结果(图14)显示,所提出的非集成式温压复合传递装置确实具备压力传递与温度局部调控的核心能力。优化设计的螺旋式换热管可满足深水高压环境要求。温压复合传递装置内压力与舱内压力保持一致,展现出优异的压力动态跟随性。同时为定量评估装置换热特性,采用控温响应时间(temperature response time, TRT)和稳态温度相对波动(relative temperature fluctuation, RTF)作为评价指标。
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