1 Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
2 State Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil Recovery, Beijing 100083, China
3 Institute of Rock Mechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
4 Faculty of Electric Power Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
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文章历史+
Received
Published
Revised
2025-09-26
2026-06-18
2025-12-18
Online Date
2026-08-04
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摘要
为了明确致密灰岩CO2-水-岩复杂矿化作用及协同封存潜力,基于气-液循环系统建立了灰岩CO2-水-岩矿化作用动态物理模拟实验方法,系统开展了不同反应时间下的灰岩气-液-固动态溶蚀实验,结合扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)及原位计算机断层(computed tomography,CT)扫描技术探究了不同溶蚀周期下的微观孔隙结构演化特征。在此基础上,创新形成了灰岩CO2封存潜力定量评价模型,揭示了不同阶段CO2时程封存潜力。结果表明,致密灰岩与CO2的水岩矿化反应速率随反应周期的推移而逐渐增大,进而导致灰岩的微观形貌总体呈现多孔疏松状的溶蚀劣化特征,其不同微尺度孔隙的数量显著增加,孔隙率由0.08%增长至2.73%。由于CO2-水-灰岩的动态矿化作用,致密灰岩对CO2的矿化消耗量由0.025 mg/g增加至1.898 mg/g,总体呈指数型增长趋势;灰岩的固碳能力与其质量及反应时间呈现正相关关系,经60 d后灰岩岩样的阶段固碳率由47.917%增加为62.065%。基于灰岩质量、反应周期及其固碳量的变化关系所构建的CO2封存潜力评价模型具有较高可信度及适用性。该研究成果可为致密灰岩CO2矿化封存提供借鉴。
Abstract
To clarify the complex mineralization and synergistic storage potential of tight limestone CO2-water-rock systems, a dynamic physical simulation experiment method for limestone CO2-water-rock mineralization was established using a gas-liquid circulation system. The gas-liquid-solid dynamic dissolution experiments of limestone under different reaction times were systematically carried out. Combined with scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and in-situ computed tomography(CT) scanning technology, the evolution characteristics of microscopic pore structure under different dissolution cycles were investigated. On this basis, the quantitative evaluation model of CO2 sequestration potential in limestone was innovatively formed, and the CO2 sequestration potential in different stages was revealed. The results show that the water-rock mineralization reaction rate of tight limestone and CO2 gradually increases with the passage of the reaction period, which leads to the micro-morphology of limestone showing the characteristics of porous and loose dissolution deterioration. The number of different micro-scale pores increases significantly, and the porosity increases from 0.08% to 2.73%. Due to the dynamic mineralization of CO2-water-limestone, the mineralization consumption of CO2 by tight limestone increased from 0.025 mg/g to 1.898 mg/g, showing an exponential growth trend. The carbon sequestration capacity of limestone samples was positively correlated with their quality and reaction time. After 60 days, the stage carbon sequestration rate of limestone samples increased from 47.917% to 62.065%. The CO2 sequestration potential evaluation model based on the relationship between limestone quality, reaction cycle, and carbon sequestration has high reliability and applicability. The research results can provide a reference for the CO2 mineralization and storage of tight limestone.
DONG Wu-shu, LI Ze, DU Meng, YONG Rui, SHEN Lin-fang, ZHANG Xiao-yan, LÜ Wei-feng, YANG Zheng-ming.
Evaluation of CO2-water-rock Mineralization and Synergistic Storage Potential of Tight Limestone[J].
Science Technology and Engineering, 2026, 26(17): 7143-7152 DOI:10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2506918
随着工业化进程的不断加速,大气中的CO2浓度持续升高,进而导致极端气候频发,如全球气候变暖、海平面上升和生态系统失衡等一系列环境问题。为此,以CO2捕集、利用与封存(carbon capture, utilization and storage,CCUS)及CO2捕集与封存(carbon capture and storage,CCS)为主的碳中和技术在近年来颇受关注。CCUS技术是满足中外碳减排需求的重要技术[1],其中,CO2封存是CCUS技术体系中的关键环节,其封存机制主要包括以构造封存、残余气体封存为主的物理封存以及以溶解封存、矿化封存为主的地球化学封存。然而,常规构造封存过程中,当封存盖层失效或存在泄漏通道时,埋存于地下的CO2气体存在较高的泄漏风险[2-4]。因此,地球化学封存为当前CO2矿化封存的主要技术。
近年来,玄武岩的CO2矿化封存技术是国际上提出的一种新碳封存技术。冰岛针对玄武岩CO2矿化封存开展CarbFix试点项目,该项目位于冰岛西南部的Hellisheði地热发电厂,是现有规模最大的玄武岩矿化封存项目,其运行过程中10年间累积封存了10万t CO2,并且目前仍在平稳运行[5-7]。美国华盛顿开展了Wallula先导试验,将CO2注入玄武岩地层进行矿化封存,实验结果表明1 000 t CO2在2年内成功实现矿化封存[8-9]。另外,中国广东省雷州半岛地区由于地层中的玄武岩资源丰富,目前正在筹备玄武岩CO2矿化封存的先导试验项目[10]。玄武岩的CO2矿化封存作为对常规CO2封存地质体的一种补充,具有封存潜力大、成本低、安全性较高等优势,其有望实现CO2的安全永久封存[11]。
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