1 Ocean College, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
2 Collaborative InnovationCenter on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disaster (CIC-FEMD)/Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
To investigate the influence of soil properties on the propagation of lightning electromagnetic fields (LEMFs) over mountainous terrain, a two-dimensional algorithmic model based on the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method was established. A porous soil conductivity model was incorporated to evaluate the lightning electromagnetic fields(LEMFs) at a nearby observation point under different mountain slopes, considering various soil types, water content and porosities. The results indicate that the horizontal electric field is more sensitive to changes in soil properties. Under high porosity conditions (25%), the peak horizontal electric field increases by approximately 67% when the soil water content decreases from 50% to 1%. Conversely, with low water content (1%), the peak horizontal electric field increases by about 54% when the soil porosity rises from 1% to 25%. Additionally, under varying mountain slopes, the horizontal electric field is more susceptible to soil water content in steep terrain, while the effect of soil porosity remains consistent regardless of the slope. These research findings quantify influence of different soil type on lightning electromagnetic fields, identify the geological conditions associated with high lightning-strike risk, and provide an important scientific basis for optimizing the siting of critical infrastructure and improving lightning disaster early warning in complex terrains.
NIU Jia-wei, ZHANG Jin-bo, TAO Yan, ZHANG Qi-lin, XIE Zhi-bin.
Simulated Effects of Soil Water Content and Porosity on Lightning Electromagnetic Field Propagation over Mountainous Terrain[J].
Science Technology and Engineering, 2026, 26(24): 10249-10258 DOI:10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2506827
为了模拟雷电回击通道内雷电流的时间和空间演变特性,参照文献[29-30],选择改进的传输线(modified transmission line model with exponential decay,MTLE)模型。在MTLE模型中,回击电流沿雷电通道传输,且电流随着高度的增加呈指数衰减。雷电流函数选用双Heidler函数[31-32],可表示为
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