1 School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
2 Technical Center, Guizhou Aerospace Control Technology Co., Ltd., Guiyang 550009, China
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文章历史+
Received
Published
Revised
2025-09-19
2026-04-28
2025-11-27
Online Date
2026-05-29
PDF (8448K)
摘要
针对高精度光纤惯导 (inertial navigation systems,INS)长期贮存后,光纤陀螺仪、加速度计相关误差参数会发生变化的问题,利用双轴旋转惯导内台体可以分别绕内、外框架机构旋转的优势,提出了一种在载体发射前惯导现场快速自标定方法。该方法通过5次旋转及旋转前、后共6个静态位置的运动轨迹规划,充分激励了光纤惯导容易发生变化的误差参数,并提出了一种以旋转前、后的两个静态位置水平速度误差增量的变化曲线的一、二次项为观测量的标定算法,不仅隔离了框架机构晃动所带来的对标定结果的影响,而且消除了由于初始对准后失准角建模不准确引入的标定误差。仿真及试验表明:六位置法作为一种射前的快速标定方法,能够在18 min内实现无依托、高精度的惯导主要误差参数的标定,在6次实物试验验证结果中,三轴加速度计标度因数相对误差的最大值为4.88×10-6,常值零偏的最大均方根误差(root mean square error,RMSE)为1.45×10-4 m/s2,三轴陀螺仪标度因数相对误差的最大值为4.00×10-6,常值漂移的最大均方根误差为0.001 87°/h,可以满足高精度惯导的使用要求,为提高高精度双轴旋转光纤惯导的对准及导航精度提供了有效的解决方案。
Abstract
In the case of high-precision fiber optic inertial navigation systems (INS) after long-term storage, the error parameters of the fiber optic gyroscope and accelerometer tend to change. To address this issue, a rapid on-site self-calibration method for INS prior to launch was proposed, utilizing the dual-axis rotational inertial platform. This platform allowed the internal and external frame mechanisms to rotate independently. The method involved five rotations and the motion trajectories of six static positions (before and after rotation), which effectively excited the error parameters that were prone to change in the fiber optic INS. Furthermore, a calibration algorithm was proposed based on the variation curves of the horizontal velocity error increment at the two static positions before and after rotation. The first and second order terms of these curves were used as observation quantities. This method not only isolated the impact of frame mechanism oscillations on the calibration results but also eliminated the calibration errors caused by inaccurate modeling of misalignment angles after initial alignment. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the six-position method, as a rapid pre-launch calibration technique, is capable of calibrating the main inertial navigation error parameters with high precision and without reliance on external reference in just 18 min. In six physical experimental verification trials, the maximum relative error of the scale factor of the three-axis accelerometeris 4.88×10-6, while the maximum root mean square error (RMSE) for the bias is 1.45×10-4m/s2. The maximum relative error of the scale factor of the three-axis gyroscope is 4.00×10-6, and the maximum RMSE for the constant drift is 0.001 87°/h. These results satisfy the usage requirements for high-precision INS and provide an effective solution for improving the alignment and navigation accuracy of high-precision dual-axis rotational fiber optic INS.
JIA Lin, YOU Mao, WANG Jian-hui, WANG Xiao-xu.
A Pre-launch Rapid Calibration Method for High-precision Dual-axis Rotational Fiber Optic Inertial Navigation System[J].
Science Technology and Engineering, 2026, 26(12): 5278-5286 DOI:10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2506754
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