With the increasing prevalence of high-rise buildings, the impact of seismic rotation on such structures has been recognized as a critical frontier in earthquake engineering and a subject of considerable societal concern. Although theoretical analyses, numerical simulations, and observational studies have provided a relatively comprehensive understanding of the translational seismic responses of high-rise buildings and preliminary insights into their rotational behavior, notable misunderstandings and knowledge gaps still remain regarding the influence of seismic rotation on structural performance, particularly in quantifying the contribution rate of seismic rotational components relative to translational ones. Relevant domestic and international research was systematically reviewed,and seismic motion observations and numerical simulation research of high-rise buildings conducted by the research team were integrated for analysis. Fundamental concepts and theories of seismic rotational motion were briefly introduced first, as well as related observational instruments physical and numerical simulation methods real-world observational data were analyzed to evalute the accuracy of existing instruments, the strengths and limitations of physical and numerical simulations, and the constraints of current observational conclusions. Deficiencies in the existing theories, technical methodologies and observational practices of seismic rotational motion were identified. Challenges in numerical simulation research were focused on finally, so as to provide references forthe seismic performance design of high-rise buildings, the development of rotational seismology, and the exploration of potential interdisciplinary engineering applications.
自20世纪60年代地震工程作为工程科学的一个独特领域出现以来,土木工程结构的抗震设计一直关注地震引起的动力响应。截至2025年,除欧洲规范8第6部分外[18],中外实际结构的抗震设计中主要考虑的还是平动运动对结构的影响,而对旋转运动的影响极少考虑。而实际观测表明,高大、不对称的结构或不规则框架,如桥墩、细长的塔型结构、核反应堆、垂直不规则的建筑物,甚至发震断层附近的建筑等结构都会受地震旋转运动的影响[19]。随着国际经济社会快速发展,高层建筑特别是超高层建筑数量显著增长,中国大陆地区在世界最高100栋建筑中占比已达50%以上[20]。据世界高层建筑与都市人居学会(Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat,CTBUH)发布的2024年高层建筑回顾报告显示,在世界2 521座200 m以上高层建筑中,有1 264座位于中国,且年竣工量持续领先。因此,面对如此庞大的高层建筑存量与增量,紧密关注高层建筑的结构健康监测已成为大家的共识。
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