As a typical soft rock material, the mechanical behavior of mudstone under uniaxial compression is of crucial significance for the stability assessment of tunnels and underground engineering. A multi-scale analysis method combining laboratory tests with PFC2D particle flow discrete element simulation was employed to systematically investigate the mechanical properties and failure laws of mudstone, and to reveal the macro-mesoscopic mechanisms of mudstone failure. A parallel bond model applicable to rock masses was constructed based on the PFC2D software, and the accurate reproduction of macroscopic mechanical responses was achieved through mesoscopic parameter inversion.The research results indicate that the stress-strain curve of mudstone exhibits distinct four-stage characteristics: compaction, elasticity, plasticity, and post-peak softening. Microcracks begin to initiate during plastic deformation and develop rapidly after the peak stress. The synergistic verification from three aspects—stress evolution, displacement evolution, and pore distribution—collectively reveals the apparent characteristics of macro-mechanical responses influenced by mesoscopic failure mechanisms. The process of rapid crack propagation is accompanied by the dissipation of elastic compressive strain energy and cementation energy, as well as the accumulation of damping energy and sliding energy. The “experiment-simulation” collaborative analysis method established in this study provides effective support for the stability analysis of mudstone engineering.
SUN Wei-yu, LI Yang, WANG Bo, LIANG Qing-guo, LI Jing, ZHU Hui, ZHANG Jian.
Mechanical Characteristics and Failure Behavior of Mudstone Subjected to Uniaxial Compressive Loading[J].
Science Technology and Engineering, 2026, 26(15): 6517-6527 DOI:10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2505664
泥岩的力学特性受矿物成分、含水率、围压及加载速率等因素影响显著。国内外学者通过室内试验和现场监测,对其力学行为进行了系统研究。付宏渊等[10]利用室内击实和筛分试验研究炭质泥岩填料击实特性和颗粒破碎行为;刘凯旋等[11]研究了不同岩石强度受含水量的影响,发现泥岩单轴抗压强度受含水因素影响最为明显,强度随含水率增加呈指数下降;章慧健等[12]通过对不同加载路径下泥岩强度的研究发现先加围压会使泥岩内摩擦角降低,同步加载更符合实际;李可等[13]在经过不同加载速率对泥岩进行单轴压缩试验得出加载速率越小,圧密过程更明显的结论。郭浩天等[14]对饱和状态及天然非饱和状态下的全风化泥岩分别进行室内三轴试验,研究不同温度对其抗剪强度参数的影响,并对比分析饱和状态及天然非饱和状态下全风化泥岩抗剪强度参数之间的区别。在裂纹的扩展与贯通方面,国内外学者已有诸多研究。Yuan等[15]利用离散单元法(discrete element method,DEM)分析得到单轴压缩试验和直剪试验下泥岩加载后期强力链的断裂和重新分配导致了应力集中和裂纹贯通;王子航等[16]通过对泥岩微观结构特征进行电镜扫描实验,从微观结构特征上解释了其强度劣化特性、抗冲击特性及波的传播特性等宏观力学特性方面表现的异同;安冬[17]通过物理试验以及数字散斑相关技术,研究了含岩层倾角的复杂裂隙系统下砂泥岩复合岩体裂隙扩展过程;陆翔等[18]研究了冻融循环下泥岩力学特性及细观破裂机理;Huang等[19]通过对红层泥岩施加不同竖向应力,发现随着竖向应力的增加拉伸裂纹逐渐变为剪切裂纹; Liang等[20]在不同加载频率下对泥岩的破坏进行分析,得出在低频作用下泥岩更易发生脆性破坏,耗散能量的增速也加快。
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