1 School of Smart City, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 402247, China
2 Chongqing Key Laboratory of Spatiotemporal Information of Mountain Cities, Chongqing 402247, China
3 School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
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文章历史+
Received
Published
Revised
2025-07-30
2026-09-28
2026-02-13
Online Date
2026-10-09
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摘要
解析山地环境下坡度、坡向、降雨、地表温度等地表环境因子与土壤湿度之间的复杂关联,对推动土壤湿度光学及被动卫星高精度反演具有重要作用。以国产“高分一号”遥感数据等为基础,基于表征学习构建山地环境卷积神经网络(convolutional neural network for mountain environment,CNN-MoE),开展土壤湿度与地表因子数据的预测研究;同时针对重庆市主城区,分析土壤湿度与地形因素的关联性。研究通过卷积神经网络提取山地环境特征,结合高精度土壤湿度反演数据与多种地表环境因子,系统探究高程、坡度、地表温度、降水量、坡向及距河流距离等因素与土壤湿度的关系。结果显示,在重庆山地环境中,土壤湿度与高程、坡度的相关性最强,相关系数分别达0.70和0.69,其次为坡向、降水量与距河流距离,且不同区域的相关性存在显著差异。研究结果揭示了山地城市土壤湿度与复杂地表环境因子的作用机制,为高精度土壤湿度遥感反演模型的构建提供了理论支撑。
Abstract
Analyzing the complex relationships between surface environmental factors such as slope, aspect, precipitation, and land surface temperature and soil moisture in mountainous terrain is critical for achieving high-precision soil moisture inversion using optical and radar satellites. A representation learning-based convolutional neural network for mountain environments was proposed. Using domestic GF-1 remote sensing data and other datasets, the relationships between soil moisture and topographic factors in Chongqing central region were investigated. The convolutional neural network extracted mountainous environmental features and integrated high-accuracy soil moisture inversion data with multiple surface environmental factors. The results indicate that soil moisture has the strongest correlations with elevation and slope, with correlation coefficients of 0.70 and 0.69, followed by aspect, precipitation, and distance to rivers, with pronounced regional differences. These findings reveal interaction mechanisms between soil moisture and complex surface environmental factors in mountainous urban areas and support high-precision soil moisture remote sensing inversion models.
ZHOU Lian-jie, DU Jia-kuan, ZHAO Zun-ya, HE Qing-lin, ZHANG Xiang.
Multi-scale Analysis of Soil Moisture and Surface Factors in Mountainous Areas: Case of Chongqing’s Urban Core[J].
Science Technology and Engineering, 2026, 26(27): 11649-11661 DOI:10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2505626
DEM 数据来源于日本宇航研究开发机构数据集,多极化模式下空间分辨率为 20 m,实测有效分辨率约为 12.5 m。基于 DEM 提取高程、坡度和坡向等地形因子。降水数据采用中国区域 1 km 分辨率逐月降水量数据集,通过 Delta 空间降尺度方法生成,并利用 496 个气象站点进行验证,数据可靠。地表温度数据采用中国区域 1 km 无缝地表温度数据集,融合多源数据并经地理加权回归和多尺度卡尔曼滤波处理。
如图8所示,在 DEM 值较高的范围内,土壤湿度整体较高,但该区域的数据点相对较少。这可能是由于高地势地区气温较低、蒸发作用较弱,从而有利于土壤水分的保持。此外,高地势地区土壤类型以棕壤和黄棕壤为主,这两类土壤肥力较好、结构较为疏松,具有较强的保水能力,进一步促进了土壤湿度的维持。相比之下,在 DEM 值较低的范围内,虽然土壤湿度分布相对集中,但整体湿度水平偏低,可能与水分更易径流流失或蒸发增强有关。
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