Aiming at the problems of large peak pressure, low buffer capacity and unstable buffering process of traditional hydraulic buffer, based on the previous research on multi-head spiral hydraulic buffer, the buffering characteristics of three different damping forms of hydraulic buffer, namely, single-head, double-head spiral and damping holes, under different buffering positions and inlet velocities, were investigated based on the mathematical model of energy loss. The dynamic characteristics of the three damping forms of hydraulic buffers and the validity of the simulation model were verified through impact tests. The results show that compared with the traditional damping hole hydraulic snubber, the single-head spiral structure can reduce the peak pressure by 19.1%, while the double-head spiral structure can realize 26.8% peak pressure reduction, and the spiral hydraulic snubber shows better characteristics in terms of pressure control, energy dissipation efficiency and system stability. Compared with the single-head helical hydraulic snubber, the double-head helical type has a smaller pressure peak and a more stable cushioning process, but with a smaller cushioning capacity.
WANG Cheng-long, SONG Qiu-hao, ZHANG Di, SONG Xin-yu.
Experiment on Buffering Characteristics of Spiral Hydraulic Buffer[J].
Science Technology and Engineering, 2026, 26(21): 9121-9134 DOI:10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2505521
WangC L, ZhangJ W, ShangH, et al. Simulation and experimental study on buffer characteristics of a new mandrel type hydraulic buffer[C]// Proceedings of International Conference on Intelligent Equipment and Special Robots. Qingdao: SPIE, 2021, 12127: 146-152.
WangChenglong, WangXueting, WeiXueqian, et al. Comparative study on design optimization algorithm of porous hydraulic buffer[J]. Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics, 2021(2): 71-76.
[4]
ZhengY, XueX, ZhangJ. Study on intelligent optimization model of porous hydraulic buffer[J]. International Journal of Fluid Power, 2022, 23(3): 253-270.
[5]
CherepanovL A, IvlievV A, SolomatinN S, et al. Parameters control for the damping element hydraulic buffer of the vehicle suspension[J]. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2021, 2061(1): 012069.
[6]
LiR T, ChenG F, LiangP L. Modeling and finite element analysis of the hydraulic buffer in elevator systems[J]. Journal of Civil Engineering Research, 2017, 7(2): 63-66.
[7]
PartoviM A, MuganA. Design and analysis of a hydraulic-elastic railcar buffer[J]. Proceeding of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit, 2018, 232(7): 1994-2005.
[8]
GaoH X, ChiM R, DaiL C, et al. Mathematical modelling and computational simulation of the hydraulic damper during the orifice-working stage for railway vehicles[J]. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2020(11): 1-23.
[9]
BharathM, SinghP, KanthetiB. Determination of influence of parameters on undercarriage shock absorber[J]. SAE International Journal of Aerospace, 2018, 11(2): 85-114.
[10]
WangC L, QiuZ W, ZengQ L, et al. Energy dissipation mechanism and control model of a digital hydraulic damper[J]. Shock and Vibration, 2019(9): 1-20.
[11]
LimS, JiY, ParkY. Simulation of energy absorption performance of the couplers in urban railway vehicles during a heavy collision[J]. Machines, 2021, 9(5): 91.
[12]
NochnichenkoI, UzunovO. Characteristics of throttles in hydraulic shock absorber considering temperature changes of fluid[J]. Mechanics and Advanced Technologies, 2017, 2(80): 39-44.
[13]
HryciowZ. An investigation of the influence of temperature and technical condition on the hydraulic shock absorber characteristics[J]. Applied Sciences, 2022, 12(24): 127-165.
[14]
ZouH L, TangZ Y, ShenH J. Simulation study about effects of fluid compressibility in hydraulic shock absorber based on AMEsim[J]. Vibroengineering Procedia, 2021, 39(3): 48-51.
[15]
CzopP, SlawikD. Validation of fatigue model of a hydraulic shock absorber equipped with shim stack valves[J]. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2022, 2184(1): 012057.
[16]
YueT, YuanP, HuangS, et al. Experimental analysis and performance evaluation of spider hydraulic buffer for rod dropping in reactor[J]. Frontiers in Energy Research, 2022, 10: 868211.
[17]
YinW, YangY, WangZ, et al. Parameters optimization of a hydraulic buffer system for belt arrestor in downward belt conveyors[J]. Mathematical and Computational Applications, 2016, 21(4): 42.
[18]
ZhangH Y, JiangA M, YiQ X U, et al. Structural optimization of hydraulic buffer based on PSO algorithm[J]. Hydraulics Pneumatics & Seals, 2019, 39(6): 8-11.
[19]
SonowalP, PandeyK M, SharmaK K. Design and static analysis of landing gear shock absorber of commercial aircraft[J]. Materials Today: Proceedings, 2021, 45(2): 6712-6717.
[20]
XuZ S. Structure design, mathematical modeling and dynamical performance tests of a new viscoelastic elastomer damper[J]. Measurement, 2021, 174: 108820.
[21]
AnghileriM, CastellettiL M L, TirelliM. Fluid-structure interaction of water filled tanks during the impact with the ground[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2005, 31(3): 235-254.
[22]
CheliF, MelziS. Experimental characterization and modelling of a side buffer for freight trains[J]. Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit, 2010, 224(6): 535-546.
[23]
CzopP, SlawikD. A high-frequency first-principle model of a shock absorber and servo-hydraulic tester[J]. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 2011, 25(6): 1937-1955.
[24]
ZhangB, ZhangQ, ZhangJ, et al. Research on control strategy of vehicle shock absorber testing bench[C]// Proceedings of 2017 International Conference on Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering. Bangkok: DEStech Transactions on Engineering and Technology Research, 2017: 60-66.
[25]
LiuX J, LiuC X. Testing and manufacture to shock absorber electro-hydraulic servo-testing system[C]// Proceedings of 2017 IEEE3rd Information Technology and Mechatronics Engineering Conference. Chongqing: IEEE, 2017: 1046-1049.
[26]
KimN, ParkY. Collision tests and model development of a train coupling system using a high-capacity energy absorber[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit, 2018, 232(9): 2215-2227.
[27]
FengS, WangC, XueJ. Research on elevator hydraulic buffer detection system based on intelligent image recognition[J]. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2020, 1544(1): 012098.
ZhouJialiang, WangTenghui, YangChenxu, et al. Design and analysis of a new type of hydraulic buffer for launcher[J]. Hydraulics Pneumatics & Seals, 2025, 45(2): 26-35.
GaiZhan, ZhangChangming, LiuCunsheng, et al. Study on flow characteristics of oil-gas buffer in landing gear lowering stage[J]. Machine Tool & Hydraulics, 2025, 53(13): 140-146.
NieWeijian, YangXiaoguang, LiJian, et al. Research progress on new structural squeeze film dampers of aero-engine in China[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2025, 25(19): 7909-7919.
MengZhuang, YuGuojun, HeJun, et al. Step-by-step progressive design of high energy consumption anti-collision magnetorheological dampers[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2025, 25(5): 1896-1903.
DaiJianbo, LiangXuhao, WangHao, et al. Semi-active intelligent vibration control of cable-stayed oil and gas pipeline bridge using piezoelectric variable friction damper[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2024, 24(34): 14649-14657.
ZhaoGuifeng, LiuZeming, ChenJiajia, et al. Energy design method of cam response amplification device with friction damper based on performance target[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2023, 23(30): 13048-13055.
WangChenglong, LiuYanxi, MiaoGenyuan, et al. Design and simulation of a multi head screw hydraulic-buffer[J]. Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics, 2020(9): 48-55.