1 Sanya Offshore Oil & Gas Research Institute, Northeast Petroleum University, Sanya 572000, China
2 Key Laboratory for Enhanced Oil & Gas Recovery of the Ministry of Education, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China
3 The Artificial Intelligence Energy Institute, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China
4 School of Electrical & Information Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China
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文章历史+
Received
Published
Revised
2025-07-15
2026-05-08
2025-12-16
Online Date
2026-08-06
PDF (13554K)
摘要
随着数字化与无损检测技术的深度融合,发展高精度的结构三维重建方法已成为工程领域的迫切需求。基于激光扫描获取的点云数据,提出了一种点云驱动的结构数字化重构方法。该方法融合布料模拟滤波(cloth simulation filtering, CSF)与直通滤波(pass-through filter)进行噪声点剔除,基于特征点匹配实现初始配准后,采用迭代最近点(iterative closest point, ICP)算法完成多视图点云的精配准,结合特征提取技术实现结构的高精度逆向建模。利用实验室悬臂梁进行几何-力学双重验证,结果表明:重建模型的前三阶固有频率相对误差分别为2.815%、8.210%和8.693%;尺寸误差范围为0.003 75%~1.23%。综上所述,基于点云重构的悬臂梁三维模型在关键力学性能(如固有频率)和几何尺寸精度上与实际模型高度吻合,具备替代实物模型进行相关分析的潜力。
Abstract
With the deep integration of digital and non-destructive testing technologies, the development of high-precision 3D structural reconstruction methods has become an urgent need in the engineering field. A point-cloud-driven digital reconstruction method for structures was proposed based on laser-scanned point cloud data. The method integrates cloth simulation filtering (CSF) and pass-through filtering to remove noise points. After initial registration based on feature point matching, the iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm was employed to achieve fine registration of multi-view point clouds. High-precision reverse modeling of the structure was realized by combining feature extraction techniques. A laboratory cantilever beam was used for geometric-mechanical dual validation. The results show that the relative errors of the first three natural frequencies of the reconstructed model are 2.815%, 8.210%, and 8.693%, respectively, while the dimensional errors range from 0.003 75% to 1.23%. In conclusion, the 3D model of the cantilever beam reconstructed from point clouds exhibits high consistency with the physical model in terms of key mechanical properties (such as natural frequencies) and geometric dimensional accuracy, demonstrating its potential to replace physical models for related analyses.
GUO Zhang-xiang, HOU Nan, YAN Tian-hong, ZHOU Guo-qiang.
Point-cloud-driven Digital Model Reconstruction Method for Structures[J].
Science Technology and Engineering, 2026, 26(13): 5548-5555 DOI:10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2505262
本文研究采用三组在空间分布上经过优化的特征点对点云进行初始配准。图7(a)展示了这些特征点的空间分布情况,如图7(b)所示为其最终实现的粗配准结果。在此基础上,采用ICP算法进行精细配准,图8呈现了不同迭代次数条件下(k=5、10、15、20)的精配准效果对比,给出了关键局部区域的放大视图,以清晰展示配准精度随迭代次数增加的变化趋势。各迭代次数对应的均方根误差(root mean square, RMS)具体数值如表2所示。
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