
科学技术与工程

中国技术经济学会
天文学、地球科学贺兰山脉古生代以来的构造演化及其隆升过程
毛静雯 , 李江海 , 杨昊坤 , 郭晓非
科学技术与工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (26) :11151-11160
天文学、地球科学贺兰山脉古生代以来的构造演化及其隆升过程
Tectonic Evolution and Uplift Processes of Helan Mountains Since the Paleozoic
贺兰山脉位于华北克拉通的西北缘,是研究亚洲陆内构造变形的关键地区。为探究贺兰山脉古生代以来的构造演化及隆升过程,通过文献调研、野外调查资料结合古板块运动学数据,系统分析总结了贺兰山古生代以来的构造演化过程,从宏观板块尺度的运动学特征——板块运动速率的变化,对贺兰山脉的隆升时段进行了匹配。结果表明:贺兰山古生代以来依次经历了早古生代被动陆缘盆地、晚古生代弧后伸展盆地、中生代前陆盆地、新生代贺兰山-银川盆岭结构4个阶段的演化。贺兰山脉的隆升主要发生在中新生代,结合板块纬向运动速率减小的时期,认为贺兰山中生代在240~235 Ma 、169~165 Ma、155~147 Ma 、139~129 Ma、92~87 Ma和75~72 Ma共6个时段内可能发生了隆升。在新生代时期受喜山运动与青藏高原隆升远程效应的影响,贺兰山在56~50 Ma和30~10 Ma共2个时段可能发生了快速隆升。可见,贺兰山脉的构造演化与区域板块运动之间具有密切关联,同时也为理解陆内变形的远程响应机制提供了依据。
The Helan Mountains, located at the northwestern margin of the North China Craton, represent a key area for investigating intracontinental tectonic deformation in Asia. In order to explore the tectonic evolution and uplift process of the Helan Mountains since the Paleozoic,the tectonic evolution process of the Helan Mountains since the Paleozoic was systematically analyzed and summarized through literature review, field survey data, and paleoplate kinematics data. By examining the change of plate motion rate from a macro plate the kinematic perspective, the uplift periods of Helan Mountains were correlated. The results indicate that since the Paleozoic, the Helan Mountains have experienced four evolutionary stages: an Early Paleozoic passive continental margin basin, a Late Paleozoic back-arc extensional basin, a Mesozoic foreland basin, and the Cenozoic Helan Mountains-Yinchuan graben-horst structure. The uplift of the Helan Mountains mainly occurred during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic. Considering the periods when the latitudinal movement rate of tectonic plates decreased, it is proposed that the Helan Mountains may have experienced uplift during six Mesozoic intervals: 240~235 Ma, 169~165 Ma, 155~147 Ma, 139~129 Ma, 92~87 Ma, and 75~72 Ma. During the Cenozoic, influenced by the Himalayan orogeny and the far-field effects of the Tibetan Plateau uplift, the mountains may have undergone rapid uplift during two intervals: 56~50 Ma and 30~10 Ma. These findings demonstrate a close relationship between the tectonic evolution of the Helan Mountains and regional plate motions, providing insights into the far-field response mechanisms of intracontinental deformation.
贺兰山 / 构造演化 / 板块漂移 / 隆升时期 / 古板块再造
Helan Mountains / structural evolution / plate drift / uplift periods / reconstruction of ancient tectonic plates
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国家重点研发计划(2023YFC2906500)
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