The quality of anchor bolt anchoring in soil sites is usually tested using the acoustic stress wave method. However, at present, there is still a lack of theoretical research on this technology based on the soil site anchoring system. A simplified model of a glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) anchor embedded in earthen material was developed. An analytical expression describing the particle motion response at the free end of the anchor rod under excitation was derived and subsequently validated through laboratory experiments. The difference curve between simulated and measured signals effectively highlights reflected disturbances within the signal. By analyzing the periodicity of these reflections, disturbance types can be classified, thereby enhancing the accuracy of anchor length estimation in earthen sites. The parameter analysis indicates that the initial response of the anchor solid at the soil site is most significantly influenced by the diameter and length of the anchoring section. The vibration frequency has a non-linear inverse relationship with the diameter of the anchoring section, but is most affected by the equivalent elastic coefficient, which is larger, the higher the frequency. The signal attenuation is most affected by the equivalent viscous coefficient, and a larger coefficient leads to rapid signal attenuation. This research work has significant guiding significance for the quality inspection of soil site anchoring systems, including stress wave signal testing, processing, and interpretation.
XIAO Xiao-ying, ZHANG Jing-ke, ZHANG Yi-chen, CHEN Wei-jie, LI Wei-hao, ZHANG Li-xiang.
One-dimensional Linear Elasticity Theory of Nondestructive Testing of Earth Site Anchoring Body Based on Acoustic Frequency Stress Wave Method[J].
Science Technology and Engineering, 2026, 26(21): 9225-9234 DOI:10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2505065
图9为土遗址GFRP锚杆锚固系统锚固段锚孔直径D分别为65、70、75和80 mm时锚杆最外侧(x=0)质点的运动响应信号。其他参数初始动量I为0.5 kg·(m/s),l取2.58 m, k =4.1×109, α=2.5×104。由图9可以看出,在相同外力激振下,不同锚固段直径的土遗址锚固系统会有不同的初始响应,直径越大,系统响应越剧烈。在衰减趋势方面,振幅随时间的推移逐渐减小,但减小得越来越慢。锚固段直径对信号的频率几乎没有影响。锚固段直径为65 mm的系统信号频率与直径为80 mm的几乎相同。
0为代入等效弹性系数k分别为1×109、3×109、5×109和7×109时模型模拟的土遗址声频应力波无损检测信号。初始动量I为0.5 kg·(m/s),锚孔直径取75 mm, l取2.58 m,α=2.5×105。从图11中可以看出,等效弹性系数会影响系统初始响应、应力波衰减速率和频率。材料等效弹性系数越大,系统初始响应越大,系统信号的衰减速率越快,固有频率越大。
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