The challenge of achieving precise target impact with specific impact angle constraints in three-dimensional space for missiles was addressed. Performance limitations of traditional guidance laws under strong nonlinearity, strong coupling, and complex constraints were overcome. An impact angle constrained guidance law based on auto-coupling PD control theory was proposed. The proportional and derivative actions were coupled using a speed factor to overcome limitations of traditional PID in three-dimensional guidance. An adaptive speed factor strategy was designed to balance dynamic response and steady-state accuracy. Acceleration command saturation was introduced to handle actuator constraints. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed auto-coupling PD impact angle constrained guidance law ensures precise target impact. Compared with an existing optimal guidance law, the proposed law enabled line-of-sight angles to converge rapidly and without overshoot to desired values. Acceleration commands remained smooth and stable during the terminal guidance phase, avoiding end-stage command abrupt changes. Good robustness and steady-state accuracy are demonstrated for different desired impact angles. The auto-coupling PD control offers an effective solution for three-dimensional impact angle constrained guidance. Advantages include relatively simple structure, fast response, high accuracy, smooth commands, and strong robustness.
LI Xiao-hui, LI Wei, SHEN Kai, LI Ze-yu.
Three-dimensional Impact Angle Constrained Guidance Law Based on Auto-coupling PD Control[J].
Science Technology and Engineering, 2026, 26(17): 7264-7271 DOI:10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2504877
为克服传统PID(proportional-integral-derivative)在应对复杂非线性、强耦合及精确终端约束方面的不足,同时保留其结构简单、易于实现的优势,曾喆昭等[17]提出了自耦PID控制理论(auto-coupling proportional integral differential,ACPID)。ACPID的主要特点在于通过速度因子zc将比例(P)、积分(I)和微分(D)3个不同属性物理环节自行耦合在一起, 进而形成一个功能各异、目标一致的协同控制信号。通过速度因子进行量纲换算,使三项属性各异的控制力遵循了量纲匹配原则[18]。并且借助速度因子建立了比例、积分与微分3个环节之间的内在关联性,使三者能够在控制过程中展现出功能互补、目标一致的协调作用,从而克服了传统PID控制中三项控制力各自为政、缺乏协同的局限性[19]。这两个理论要点,正是曾喆昭教授所提出的控制理论思想的核心体现。
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