
科学技术与工程

中国技术经济学会
农业科学岩石成壤化对土壤环境影响效应的研究进展
李王成 , 徐昊文 , 黄亚浩 , 贾振江 , 吴洋洋 , 安文举 , 张景翔
科学技术与工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (18) :7545-7557
农业科学岩石成壤化对土壤环境影响效应的研究进展
Research Progress on Effects of Lithological Pedogenesis on Soil Environment
土壤形成与演化极其复杂,岩石作为土壤形成的物质基础,深刻影响土壤理化性质与微生物环境。系统梳理了岩石风化对土壤环境的影响效益及其调控途径,对土壤环境演变及农业生产应用具有重要意义。基于长期视角下岩石成壤过程及成因机制的研究成果,全面阐述了岩石风化对土壤环境的直接作用效果与间接调控途径,剖析了岩石风化的内外影响因素,结合前沿探讨其在农业生产与生态系统稳定中的重要性。研究表明:土壤组成结构及养分状况等理化属性呈现显著母岩继承特征,岩性约束下岩石风化驱动微生物群落构建,塑造了土壤环境异质性;岩石自身特性是控制风化作用的关键因素,生物风化作为主导过程已成为当前研究的重难点,由区域小尺度微环境所引起的风化过程差异亦不容忽视;岩石风化作用在石质土壤环境改良、农业长效固体肥料及全球气候变暖等多领域中占据重要位置。提出未来需在岩石风化速率精准量化、风化模型构建、岩石固体肥料等研究方向深入探索,可为石质土壤环境调控和岩基新型肥源利用提供理论参考。
Soil formation and evolution are highly complex processes, in which rocks are regarded as the foundational material that profoundly influences the physicochemical properties and microbial environments of soil. A systematic analysis of the effects of rock weathering on soil environments and their regulatory pathways was of great significance for understanding soil evolution and practical agricultural production. Based on long-term investigation into rock weathering processes and underlying mechanisms, this direct effects and indirect regulatory pathways of rock weathering on soil environments were comprehensively examined. The internal and external influencing factors were dissected, and its critical role in agricultural production and ecosystem stability was explored through cutting-edge applications. The physicochemical attributes of soil, including composition, structure, and nutrient status, are found to exhibit pronounced inheritance from parental rocks. Under lithological constraints, rock weathering is shown to drive microbial community assembly, thereby shaping soil environmental heterogeneity. The intrinsic properties of rocks are identified as key determinants of weathering processes, with biological weathering being recognized as dominant yet challenging focus in current research. Additionally, variations in weathering processes resulting from small-scale microenvironments at regional levels are noted as non-negligible factors.Rock weathering is considered pivotal in multiple fields, such as stony soil remediation, long-acting solid agricultural fertilizers, and mitigation of global climate warming. Future research should be directed toward the precise quantification of weathering rates, the development of predictive models, and the utilization of rock-based solid fertilizers. These advancements are expected to provide a theoretical foundations for regulating stony soil environments and innovating rock-derived fertilizer resources.
岩石成壤化 / 元素 / 土壤环境 / 驱动因素 / 岩基肥料
lithological pedogenesis / element / soil environment / driving factors / rock-based fertilizer
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国家自然科学基金(52169010)
国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1900600)
宁夏自然科学基金重点项目(2021AAC02008)
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