1 School of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China
2 Engineering Research Center for Geotechnical Disaster and Ecological Management of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Liuzhou 545006, China
3 Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
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文章历史+
Received
Published
Revised
2025-06-09
2026-05-08
2026-02-10
Online Date
2026-08-06
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摘要
寒区岩体在冻融环境下的劣化行为严重威胁工程结构的安全性与稳定性。通过Rock Top多场耦合试验仪,开展冻融作用下不同饱和度与损伤程度砂岩的单轴循环加卸载试验,研究其力学性能及能量演化规律。结果表明:随饱和度与损伤值的增加,冻融砂岩峰值强度显著降低,峰值应变增大,且损伤值越高,砂岩承载能力下降越显著,破坏模式逐渐由脆性向延性转变;循环加卸载过程中,弹性模量随循环次数与损伤值的增加呈“骤降-缓慢下降-加速下降”三阶段衰减规律;随循环次数、饱和度及损伤值的增加,弹性应变能逐渐向耗散能转化,且饱和度与损伤值越高,累积能量与耗散能比例越大;扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)观测表明,冻融次数、饱和度及损伤值的增加导致砂岩内部裂纹与孔隙显著增多,微观结构劣化加剧,高损伤值条件下裂纹网络贯通效应尤为显著。研究表明,饱和度与损伤值的协同作用是冻融砂岩宏观力学性能劣化的关键因素。研究成果为寒区岩体工程的设计与灾害防控提供了理论依据。
Abstract
The degradation of rock masses under freeze-thaw cycles in cold regions presents a serious threat to the safety and stability of engineering structures. The mechanical properties and energy evolution of sandstone with different saturation levels and damage degrees under freeze-thaw cycles were investigated. Uniaxial cyclic loading tests were conducted using the rock top multi-field coupled test apparatus. The results show that as saturation and damage values increase, the peak strength of freeze-thawed sandstone decreases significantly, while the peak strain increases, and the failure mode shifts from brittle to ductile. The elastic modulus decreases progressively with the number of cycles and damage values, displaying a three-stage decay pattern: sharp decline, gradual decline, and accelerated decline. With increasing cycles, saturation, and damage values, the elastic strain energy is gradually converted into dissipated energy. Higher saturation and damage values result in greater cumulative and dissipated energy ratios. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations reveal that the number of cracks and pores increases significantly with freeze-thaw cycles, saturation, and damage values, leading to severe microstructural degradation, especially under high damage conditions where crack connectivity is notably enhanced. This study demonstrates that the synergistic effect of saturation and damage values is a critical factor in the macroscopic mechanical degradation of freeze-thawed sandstone. The findings offer theoretical support for the design and risk mitigation of rock mass engineering in cold regions.
LIN Zhi-nan, HUANG Wen-jie, ZHANG Qiang, WANG Jia-quan, LONG Hai-feng.
Mechanical Response and Evolution Mechanism of Cyclic Loading-unloading in Damaged Sandstone with Different Saturations under Freeze-thaw Action[J].
Science Technology and Engineering, 2026, 26(13): 5658-5669 DOI:10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2504247
目前,国内外学者对冻融循环下水工岩体的力学特性和劣化机理开展了一系列的试验研究。研究表明,循环冻融对岩石的力学特性产生了显著影响。田森等[8]、Zhang等[9]、陆翔等[10]以及李勇等[11]的研究均表明,随着循环冻融次数的增加,岩石的强度和弹性模量呈现下降趋势,峰值应变逐步增加。这种下降趋势在不同类型的岩石中均得到了验证,如裂隙岩石[12-16]、砂岩[17-20]、泥岩[10]。同时,岩石的破坏模式也随着循环冻融次数的增加而发生由脆性破坏向延性破坏变化。在冻融循环作用下,岩石内部孔隙中的水会经历冻结-融化的过程,孔隙水冻结产生的膨胀压力会诱发微裂纹扩展,同时水冰相变会加剧岩石劣化,而饱和度则直接影响冻胀损伤的累积速率[21-26]。此外,利用核磁共振法(nuclear magnetic resonance,NMR)技术对循环冻融后砂岩进行微观结构分析可知循环冻融会使砂岩中小孔隙尺寸增加[27-28]。值得注意的是,水利工程岩体常处于非饱和状态(如库水位变动带、渠道衬砌基底),其劣化机制与饱和岩体存在显著差异,但目前相关研究仍较为缺乏。
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