In order to deeply investigate the influence of rough fracture seepage heat transfer characteristics in the fractured rock body, the influence of fracture morphology on the temperature distribution was investigated by 3D scanning of the rough fracture surface after Brazilian splitting, decomposing and reconstructing the extracted two-dimensional rough contour using wavelet decomposition, and convective heat transfer simulation of the fracture with different roughness levels, the influence of the fracture morphology on the temperature distribution was investigated, and the rough profile factor RPF was proposed to correct the flat plate model-derived. The roughness profile factor RPF was proposed to correct the heat transfer coefficient derived from the flat plate model, and the composite factor CF was used to represent the morphological characteristics of the decomposed rough single fracture profile, and the influence of the rough fracture characteristics on the heat transfer of the flow was investigated. The results show as follows. The increase of secondary roughness makes the local temperature fluctuate greatly, promotes the generation of thermal convection, and enhances the heat transfer effect. The modified heat transfer coefficient takes into account the influence of the rough profile of the slit, and the fitted expression given fits well with the results. Too large aperture diameter attenuates the influence of the rough profile, which results in the decrease of the heat transfer efficiency and the outlet temperature, and the growth of h slows down after exceeding the critical CF value. As CF increases, the outlet temperature shows a decreasing trend, indicating that pore size and roughness have a significant effect on the improvement of heat transfer capacity.
YANG Shi-wen, WANG Shu-hong, WANG Ye, YANG Run-sheng, ZHANG Hong-wei.
Corrections to Heat Transfer Coefficient of Rough Single Fracture and Effect of Seepage Heat Transfer[J].
Science Technology and Engineering, 2026, 26(14): 6126-6136 DOI:10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2503409
全球能源的开采和使用中,化石能源占比最大,其对环境不友好和成本高的特点与全球实现绿色发展经济的计划相违背[1-2]。在全球清洁能源中,地热能源具有分布广泛、成本低、无污染和可再生的优势,截至目前,已有多个国家和地区在开发或使用地热能[3-4]。干热岩(dry hot rock, HDR)是一种深层地热岩体,属于地热资源,其内部裂隙少且渗透率极低,很少含有流体,一般通过水力压裂人为的制造裂缝或裂隙网格,来增加地热能的提取效率,且使用起来更加灵活可控[5-6]。深入了解岩石裂隙中流体的换热特性对研究地热能源的开采尤为重要。
换热系数是描述裂隙中流体流动传热过程的重要指标,可用于衡量地热系统的热效率的大小,其与上述因素之间也存在着紧密的联系。杜利等[17]开展对流换热实验,研究碳酸盐岩的裂隙渗流传热机理,得到对流换热系数与流量成正相关的结论。Zhang等[18]通过模拟试验,研究了水流速度、孔径大小、岩石初始温度和裂隙表面粗糙度影响下的换热系数,流速对换热过程的影响比孔径大小更显著,换热系数随着流速的增大明显增大。Bai等[19]开展不同围压和围岩初始温度下的试验,提出新的换热系数(overall heat transfer coefficient, OHTC)公式,并研究了公式出现异常值的条件。Li等[20]引入量纲分析和相似原理,以简化对流换热试验中数据处理和试验分析,并提出层流状态下流体流过光滑裂隙壁的传热关系式。He等[21]通过积分的方法求解圆柱形岩石样品的温度分布,得到裂隙表面的温度表达式。从前人的研究中可以得知裂隙表面形态和尺寸对流动换热影响显著,但是多级粗糙下多因素耦合影响仍有待研究。
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