1 State Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Water Security, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
2 The National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
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Published
Revised
2025-05-08
2026-04-18
2025-11-28
Online Date
2026-06-08
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摘要
科学准确量化气候变化条件下南水北调西线工程受水区雨水资源利用潜力对于南水北调后续工程规模论证具有重要意义。基于全球气候模式数据和未来土地利用数据,耦合SCS-CN (soil conservation service curve number) 模型以及分布拟合技术,提出了未来时期不同社会经济共享路径情景下雨水资源利用潜力的分析框架,并以南水北调西线工程城市受水区为例进行了研究。结果显示,未来雨水资源利用潜力的空间分布呈现南部大于北部的特征,特别是渭南市、咸阳市、运城市和定西市等城市显示出显著的雨水资源利用潜力增长。未来时期雨水资源量呈现显著增长趋势,预计在2075—2100年中可达最高,为5.59×109 m3。然而,雨水资源的未来演变存在一定不确定性,尤其在气候变化背景下雨水资源利用潜力减少的年份也呈现增加趋势。这些结果为未来水资源管理与区域可持续发展提供了科学依据,对南水北调西线工程的论证与管理决策具有重要参考价值。
Abstract
A scientific and accurate quantification of the rainwater resource potential in the receiving area of the western route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project (SNWDP) under climate change is of great importance for the demonstration of the scale of the subsequent SNWDP. Based on global climate model data and future land use data, coupled with the SCS-CN model and distribution fitting technology, an analysis framework of the rainwater resource potential under different socio-economic shared path (SSP) scenarios in the future was proposed and the urban receiving area of the Western Route of the SNWDP was studied. The results show that the spatial distribution of the future rainwater resource potential is larger in the south than in the north. The urbanization process has a significant impact on the rainwater resource potential in this region, especially Weinan City, Xianyang City, Yuncheng City and Dingxi City, which show significant growth in rainwater resource potential. From 2075 to 2100, the rainwater resource shows a significant growth trend and is expected to reach a maximum of 5.59×109 m3. However, there is some uncertainty about the future development of rainwater resources, especially in the context of climate change, the potential of rainwater resources decreases in years and also shows an increasing trend. These results provide a scientific basis for future water resources management and regional sustainable development, and have an important reference value for the demonstration and management decision of the western route of the SNWDP.
LI Yu-xing, SHAO Wei-wei, SU Xin, PENG Xiang, YANG Zhi-yong, LIU Jia-hong.
Assessment of Rainwater Potential under Climate Change for Water-receiving Area of the Western Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project[J].
Science Technology and Engineering, 2026, 26(11): 4821-4832 DOI:10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2503343
中外学者针对城市雨水资源利用潜力已开展了部分探索性研究。主流的计算方法大致分为经验公式法、综合径流系数法、不同下垫面分析法以及水文模型。其中,经验公式法易于应用,能够在缺乏详细数据的情况下提供初步估算。石虹远等[10]利用SCS-CN (soil conservation service curve number) 模型评估了不同水平年情景下鄂尔多斯市主城区的雨水资源化利用潜力;Haider等[11]利用经验公式法量化了气候变化背景下拉合尔2010年、2022年、2035年,以及2050年的雨水资源利用潜力;李雅楠[12]利用经验公式法量化了1974—2014年西安市年均雨洪资源利用潜力。但是经验公式法没有综合考虑下垫面的差异,结果准确性多依赖于以往经验,无法用于潜力的预测。综合径流系数法和不同下垫面分析法可看作是经验公式法的一种变形,考虑了不同下垫面类型的影响,适用范围得到了一定的增强。陈思等[13]利用综合径流系数法以及不同下垫面类型分析法量化了1951—2017年郑州市年均雨洪资源利用潜力;袁子琦[14]利用径流系数法量化了衡水市多年平均雨洪资源利用潜力;郑斐冉[15]利用综合径流系数法以及不同下垫面类型分析法分析了1971—2004年郑州航空港区年均雨水利用潜力;樊敏[16]基于海绵城市背景利用综合径流系数法计算了1984—2015年鹤壁市年均雨洪资源利用潜力。但综合径流系数法和不同下垫面分析法对地表数据和下垫面参数的要求较高,同时,不同城市的径流系数难以准确率定。水文模型法由于具有清晰的物理机制,适用于复杂的城市水文系统,能够模拟雨水流动和管理,在结果可靠性方面具有突出的优势。柴素盈等[17]利用SCS-CN模型量化了5个代表年份下昆明市年均雨洪资源利用潜力;李璐路[18]利用SWMM(storm water management model)模型量化了海绵城市背景下1981—2010年黄土地区年均雨水资源利用潜力。但水文模型计算量大,需要详细的输入数据和参数设置。相较于其他模型,SCS-CN模型参数较为简单,计算资源消耗少,非常适用于大尺度的产流计算,而且,与经验公式法相比,可以适用于多种不同下垫面类型,与综合径流系数法和不同下垫面分析法相比,可以实现栅格尺度的精细化计算。
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