The high conductivity of metal infrastructures in tunnels induces strong electromagnetic responses, leading to signal distortion, delay, and even masking in transient electromagnetic (TEM) measurements, which reduces data reliability and interpretation accuracy. To address this challenge, a three-dimensional numerical modeling study was conducted using the finite volume method with an octree adaptive mesh to investigate the performance and applicability of the wire-source TEM method in tunnels containing conductive metallic structures. Results demonstrate that highly conductive metals generate strong secondary fields that suppress low-resistivity anomaly responses across all time stages. Compared with conventional loop sources, the wire-source system exhibits superior anti-interference capability and clearer anomaly responses under strong metallic interference. The mechanism of metal interference was revealed, and the response differences under the lateral and axial layout methods were systematically compared. An effective strategy of weakening metal interference and improving the signal-to-noise ratio by increasing the offset distance was proposed. The relative error method of the two-sided receiving points was further proposed, and the spatial positioning of the abnormal body was achieved. Meanwhile, the feasibility of the wire source in advanced detection was verified, and the effective depth of advanced detection of the wire source system in confined space was analyzed. The research results provide a new theoretical basis and methodological reference for the anti-interference detection and target positioning of transient electromagnetic methods in complex tunnel environments.
RAN Shang, SHEN Jin-song, LONG Gang, ZHANG Cheng, ZHANG Jia-shuo.
Feasibility of Wire-source Transient Electromagnetic Method for Detecting Low-resistivity Anomalies in Tunnels Containing Metal Infrastructures[J].
Science Technology and Engineering, 2026, 26(1): 75-87 DOI:10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2503184
侧帮的采空区探测同样是隧道实际探测的重要目标。为分析其响应特征,设计了如图12所示的侧帮采空区模型。采空区电导率为1 S/m,大小设置为150 m × 100 m × 10 m,位于隧道右侧50 m处。观测系统、背景介质、隧道及金属设施的参数均与前述模型保持一致。为避免隧道两侧网格加密程度不同造成的非对称误差,对左右两侧采空区所在区域均进行了相同精度的网格加密,以保证模型对称性。发射源采用横向布置的导线源,在距发射源10 m 的隧道左侧、右侧、顶板及底板布设4个接收点,接收电场的 y 分量(Ey)作为响应。
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