Numerical simulation to the movement of landslides in the post-failure stage is crucial for determining kinematic parameters and assessing the impacted scope and intensity. The residual strength of the sliding surface soil fundamentally governs the kinematic characteristics of landslides in post-failure stage. However, current numerical simulations rarely consider the complex variability of residual strength during landslide movement, for instance, the shear rare-dependency. A shallow landslide on the residual soil slope named Fanzhangzu landslide in southern Anhui was taken as a case study. The soil samples taken from the sliding surface were tested to determine their basic physical and mechanical properties. Rate-stepped ring shear tests were then conducted to reveal the rate-dependency of the residual strength. On this basis, rate-dependent residual strength of sliding surface soil was considered to simulate the movement process of the Fanzhangzu landslide by using PFC2D. The results show that the residual strength of the sliding surface soil shows significant rate-strengthening at the landslide stress level in field-scale. This law demonstrates that the Fanzhangzu landslide will not exhibit high-speed movement after initiation. the movement duration after initiation of the Fanzhangzu landslide is approximately 78.7 s. Throughout the movement process, the landslide exhibits distinct zoning characteristics in its movement pattern. The velocity along the sliding surface demonstrates oscillatory features, final deposition state is basically consistent with the on-site investigation. The research results can provide valuable references for the disaster prevention, mitigation, and risk assessment of residual soil landslides in mountainous area in southern Anhui.
MIAO Hai-bo, XU Sheng, CUI Yu-long.
Movement Characteristics of Residual Soil Landslide in Southern Anhui Considering the Rate-dependency of Residual Strength[J].
Science Technology and Engineering, 2026, 26(8): 3202-3212 DOI:10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2502950
滑坡破坏后的运动特征参数如速度、运动距离、堆积状态等是揭示滑坡运动演化特征、预测滑坡运动范围和致灾强度以及评估类似工程地质条件下滑坡风险至关重要[5]。目前常用的方法有经验统计模型、力学模型、物理模型试验和数值模拟等。经验模型是根据大量已发生滑坡样本的运动距离与几何因素之间的统计规律来评估滑坡的运动特征参数,但不涉及滑坡动力学参数[6]。力学模型方面,主要是基于滑块模型建立动力学或运动学方程得出滑动速度的解析解或数值解,模型中考虑了滑动面土体的力学参数或流变学参数等,相比经验统计模型更具物理意义[7-8]。物理模型试验能直观地观测坡体运动速度、运动距离和堆积过程等特征参数[9],但耗时长、成本高且易受模型尺寸效应的影响;因此,近年来基于离散元(discrete element method,DEM)的数值模拟方法因其应用方便和可重复性等特点受到学者们的青睐。Wang等[10]将岩体节理形态变化引起的抗剪强度退化引入到不连续变形分析(discontinuous deformation analysis,DDA)中模拟了东河口滑坡的运动过程。Li等[11]基于弹塑性和非牛顿流变学Drucker-Prager模型,利用三维光滑粒子流体动力学(smoothed particle hydrodynamics,SPH)分析方法,模拟了白格滑坡的运动过程。宰德志等[12]基于物质点法(material point method,MPM)开展了随机地震作用下边坡滑动距离概率预测。陈建强等[13] 利用MatDEM软件对四川省汉源县中海村滑坡运动过程进行了数值模拟分析。值得注意的是,类似研究中或将滑动面的摩擦强度视为常数,或考虑抗剪强度的弱化效应,较少地考虑滑动面土体抗剪强度随滑坡运动过程的复杂变异性,如残余强度(或摩擦系数)的速率效应等[14-15]。
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