1 College of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
2 Institute of Water Ecology and Water Engineering in Yellow River Basin, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
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文章历史+
Received
Published
Revised
2025-04-17
2026-03-08
2026-01-05
Online Date
2026-07-09
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摘要
针对预热压力容器罐出料口堵塞、颗粒预热不足等性能缺陷,提出融合TRIZ(theory of inventive problem solving)创新理论与数值模拟的系统解决方案。通过构建技术系统功能模型、专创融合解题流程及性能提升框架,结合ARIZ算法生成多方案并优选“设置分流锥”方案。基于颗粒预热数学模型与气固耦合模型,采用ANSYS CFX对60°、90°、120°顶角分流锥的流道工况进行数值模拟,对比分析流速、湍流涡耗散、湍流动能等流场特征,并通过Q-criterion准则解析旋涡结构演化规律。结果表明:上部锥形顶角60°分流锥方案最优,可显著提升流动与预热性能,降低功能退化量;有限单元法验证显示其结构可靠性满足设计要求。可见,提出的方案可谓探索预热压力罐优化设计提供新思路。
Abstract
To address performance defects such as outlet blockage in preheated pressure vessels and insufficient particle preheating, a systematic solution integrating TRIZ (theory of inventive problem solving) innovation theory with numerical simulation was proposed. By constructing a technical system functional model, specialized innovation integration problem-solving process, and performance enhancement framework, multiple solutions were generated using the ARIZ algorithm, with the “set up diversion cone” scheme being selected as the optimal solution. Based on the mathematical model of particle preheating and gas-solid coupling model, ANSYS CFX was employed to perform numerical simulations of flow channel conditions for 60°, 90°, and 120° top-angle diversion cones. Comparative analysis was conducted on flow velocity, turbulent vortex dissipation, turbulent kinetic energy, and other flow field characteristics, with the Q-criterion criterion used to analyze the evolution of vortex structures. Results indicate that the 60° top-angle diversion cone scheme demonstrates superior performance, significantly improving flow and preheating efficiency while reducing functional degradation. Finite element analysis confirms that the structural reliability meets design requirements.It can be seen that the proposed scheme provides a new idea for the optimization design of the preheating pressure vessel.
GONG Cheng-yong, WANG Yin-ying, WENG Wei-tao, CHEN Chao, XIE Geng-miao, LI Ren-nian.
Improving Performance of Preheated-pressure-tank Based on TRIZ and Optimizing by Numerical Simulation[J].
Science Technology and Engineering, 2026, 26(7): 2904-2919 DOI:10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2502761
然而,目前压力容器罐的设计相对片面地注重结构安全可靠性,在一定程度上忽略了设备的预热功能。若设计环节采用的方法较为单一、缺乏系统性,压力容器罐投入生产运行后,在与配套设备协同工作的过程中,就可能出现预热质量不足和输运堵塞的问题。这是预热压力容器罐最为显著的缺陷,也是该领域研究的关键和难点。针对当前预热压力容器罐在输送颗粒预热及出料口堵塞方面存在的不足,基于TRIZ(theory of inventive problem solving)创新理论构建解题方案,对优选方案进行流场和结构模拟分析,提出解决现有性能缺陷的综合方案,可为探索预热压力罐的优化设计提供新思路。
$\begin{aligned}f(\Delta x \mid \alpha, \beta)= & k(\Delta x \mid \Delta t, \beta) \exp (\beta\{\Delta x v(\alpha)- \\& \Delta t \bar{\omega}[v(\alpha)]\})\end{aligned}$
发明问题解决算法[29](algorithm for inventive-problem solving,ARIZ)属于创新理论体系,集成TRIZ创新理论的所有方法及工具[30]而形成算法,称为基于技术系统进化规律的分析问题和解决问题的流程,其提供一个连续推进创新的过程,最终获得问题的正确解决[31]。ARIZ专门用于解决复杂或困难的技术系统问题[32],其包括9个部分:在建立系统功能模型、因果链分析和资源分析的基础上,分别使用技术矛盾及发明原理、物理矛盾及分离原理、物-场模型及标准解、小人法分析、进化法则与进化分析、知识库与效应库、功能导向搜索、最终理想解等工具。ARIZ算法进一步提高了TRIZ创新理论的各类工具的功能。依据前文专创融合分析流程,以ARIZ算法构建预热压力容器罐技术系统性能缺陷的解题方案。基于ARIZ创新算法的分析过程如图3所示。
第4部分,使用步骤(4.1)“小矮人”模拟法(在TRIZ创新理论,小矮人也称为智慧小人法(smart little people,SLP)[30],是一套解题工具方法,是从组件之间功能发挥的环节出发,依据有关基本的理论和原理构思细观或微观、能起不同作用的小人来代表不同元素[36]或部件[37],实现预期的功能[38]模拟场景,进而从细观或微观的解题方案,也将其称为小人模型[39])。第一步把对象中聚甲醛塑料颗粒想象成一群的“小人”;第二步根据管道进口尺寸按照操作空间和操作时间条件的要求对对聚甲醛塑料颗粒“小人”进行分组;第三步对聚甲醛塑料颗粒“小人”按照进口尺寸所容纳通过去确定一定的数量,并按照进口数量少,距离较远处数量多,且保证每一组“小人”自己组内不相互挤压,同时也不要挤压排在之前的“小人”,使每一组按照秩序通过管道进口,并将空位腾出来给排列在后边的小人;第四步将聚甲醛塑料颗粒“小人”固化成所需功能的组件为压力罐为颗粒提供按照一定分组并无相互作用地排队。步骤(4.2)确定是否可以组合使用不同的物质资源来解决问题:需要满足托举力抵消向下的分力,如图3(i)所示,因此,若减少颗粒之间的堆积压力,需要满足托举力抵消向下的分力。
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