1 China Railway 20th Bureau Group Fifth Engineering Co., Ltd., Kunming 650000, China
2 Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
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文章历史+
Received
Published
Revised
2025-04-08
2026-03-18
2025-12-11
Online Date
2026-05-28
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摘要
中国每年会产生大量疏浚淤泥,固化处理是其资源化利用的重要途径之一,但往常采用的水泥这一传统固化材料存在能耗高、碳排放量大等不足。为此,基于“以废治废”的思路,提出稻壳灰(rice husk ash, RHA)-电石渣固化处理疏浚淤泥技术。通过开展无侧限抗压强度(unconfined compressive strength, UCS)试验和扫描电镜(scanning electron micyoscopy, SEM)微观分析,研究该复合固化体系的力学性能及微观作用机理。结果表明:稻壳灰的加入显著提高了淤泥土的强度,其中15%稻壳灰与7%电石渣的配比效果最佳;复合固化体系不仅提升了强度,还显著改善了土体的韧性,使极限应变达到3.1%~4.5%,优于传统水泥固化土;水化反应生成的水化硅酸钙(C-S-H)凝胶通过填充孔隙和胶结土颗粒,是强度提升的主要原因。基于试验数据,建立了考虑材料配比和养护龄期的固化土强度预测模型及微观演变机制模型。
Abstract
In China, a substantial amount of dredged silt is generated annually, with solidification treatment being recognized as a crucial pathway for its resource utilization. Traditional cement-based solidification materials, while widely employed historically, have been associated with high energy consumption and substantial carbon emissions. To address these limitations, a novel approach based on the “using waste to treat waste” concept was proposed, whereby a technique for solidifying dredged silt using rice husk ash (RHA) and carbide slag was introduced. The mechanical properties and microstructural mechanisms of this composite solidification system were investigated through unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The results show that significant strength enhancement of the silt is observed upon RHA incorporation, with an optimal mix ratio determined to be 15% rice husk ash and 7% carbide slag. Beyond strength improvement, the composite system is found to markedly increase soil toughness, achieving an ultimate strain of 3.1%~4.5%—a range exceeding that of traditional cement-stabilized soil. Hydration-generated calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) gel is identified as the primary strength-enhancing component, functioning through pore-filling and soil particle-binding mechanisms. Based on experimental data, two models were established: a predictive model for solidified soil strength incorporating material ratios and curing ages, and a complementary model elucidating microstructural evolution.
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