1 Zhonglü Zhongke Energy Storage Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100020,China
2 China Green Development Investment Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100020,China
3 Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,CAS,Beijing 100190,China
4 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
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文章历史+
Received
Published
Revised
2025-04-07
2026-02-08
2025-11-13
Online Date
2026-09-21
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摘要
液态空气储能(liquid air energy storage,LAES)因其不受地理限制和储能密度高的特点,已经成为一种极具发展潜力的大规模储能技术。为了进一步提升LAES系统往返效率,提出一种耦合钢铁余热与有机朗肯循环(organic Rankine cycle,ORC)的新型LAES系统,该集成系统不仅能有效回收钢铁余热,还能显著提升LAES系统性能。通过建立集成系统的热力学模型,利用仿真计算对集成系统关键参数进行了热力性能敏感性分析和优化,开展了系统热力学分析评价。结果表明:不同有机工质随着有机透平进口温度的升高,其输入功率呈现先减小后增加的趋势,ORC效率和系统往返效率则都表现出先增大后减小的特征,且极值出现在临界温度附近。当热源温度从200 ℃升高到300 ℃时,系统输出功率从37.3 MW提升至51.9 MW。在最佳工况下,集成系统的电换电效率为118.66%,热电效率为35.62%。㶲分析表明,膨胀机、冷却器与汽化器是主要㶲损失源,需通过设备优化与温差调控进一步提升效率。研究成果可为LAES系统的效率提升和钢铁余热利用技术创新提供了重要的理论参考。
Abstract
Liquid air energy storage (LAES) has emerged as a promising large-scale energy storage technology due to its geographical independence and high energy density. To enhance the round-trip efficiency of LAES,a novel integrated system that combined steel industry waste heat recovery with an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) was proposed. This integrated system not only effectively recovered steel waste heat but also significantly enhanced LAES performance. A comprehensive thermodynamic model of the integrated system was developed,and sensitivity analysis along with optimization of key parameters affecting thermal performance was conducted through simulation calculations. The system’s performance was evaluated using thermodynamic analysis. The results demonstrate that the input power of different organic working fluids first decreases and then increases as the organic turbine inlet temperature rises,while both ORC efficiency and overall round-trip efficiency follow a similar trend,initially increasing and then decreasing with peak values occurring near the critical temperature. When the heat source temperature increases from 200 ℃ to 300 ℃,the system output power rises from 37.3 MW to 51.9 MW. Under optimal operating conditions,the system achieves a round-trip efficiency of 118.66% and a thermoelectric efficiency of 35.62%. Exergy analysis reveals that expanders,coolers,and cryogenic evaporators are the primary sources of exergy loss,necessitating further efficiency improvements through equipment optimization and temperature gradient control. These findings provide critical theoretical insights for enhancing LAES efficiency and promoting technological innovation in the utilization of steel waste heat.
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Science Technology and Engineering, 2026, 26(4): 1477-1486 DOI:10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2502368
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