1 School of Automation, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China
2 Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Show less
文章历史+
Received
Published
Revised
2025-03-27
2026-02-18
2025-11-14
Online Date
2026-05-27
PDF (9368K)
摘要
针对多电平逆变器利用传统有限集模型预测(finite control set-model predictive control,FCS-MPC)并网控制存在多目标难以权衡、调制效率低,以致影响并网系统性能的问题,提出一种悬浮电容电压自平衡五电平有源中点钳位(active neutral-point clamped,ANPC)逆变器拓扑及改进的FCS-MPC控制策略。该策略通过对逆变器所有电压矢量进行预处理、分类、筛选,构建出满足不同目标的矢量池,实施控制周期内较少矢量的滚动寻优;各目标代价函数归一化处理分配各优化矢量作用时间,形成矢量序列输出,以同时满足系统多项性能需求,无需考虑目标函数间权重系数分配;所提逆变器电路拓扑具有悬浮电容电压自平衡工作模态,进一步简化了FCS-MPC算法实现。实验结果表明,改进的FCS-MPC算法能够有效实现新型五电平ANPC逆变器的并网电流跟踪控制,且母线中点电位和悬浮电容电压的平衡度较高。所提方法具有可行性和有效性,为多电平变换器模型预测提供了新的解决方案。
Abstract
The traditional finite control set-model predictive control (FCS-MPC) of multi-level inverters in grid-connected systems faces challenges in balancing multiple objectives and dealing with efficient modulation, which ultimately affects the system’s performance. To address this issue, a suspended capacitor voltage self-balancing five-level active neutral-point clamped (ANPC) inverter and an improved FCS-MPC control strategy were proposed. This strategy preprocesses all voltage vectors of the inverter through classification and screening, constructing a vector pool that meets various objectives and implements rolling optimization with fewer vectors within the control cycle. Without considering the weight coefficient allocation among the cost functions, the objective cost functions were normalized to allocate the action time of each optimization vector to form the vector sequence output, so as to meet the multiple performance requirements of the system at the same time. The proposed circuit topology of this inverter has a self-balancing operating mode of the suspended capacitor voltage, which can further simplify the FCS-MPC algorithm. The results of experimentation demonstrate that the improved FCS-MPC algorithm enables the novel five-level ANPC inverter to achieve grid-connected current tracking control, improve the balance of split DC bus midpoint and suspended capacitor voltage. The proposed method is feasible and effective, providing a new solution for model prediction in multilevel converters.
LI Ping, CHEN Shuo, ZHAO Feng, LI Lin, LIU Guo-zhong.
Model Predictive Control Strategy Applying on New Type of Suspended Capacitor Self-balancing Five-level Inverter for Grid-connected[J].
Science Technology and Engineering, 2026, 26(5): 1982-1993 DOI:10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2502111
有限集模型预测控制(finite control set-model predictive control,FCS-MPC)是一种集控制与调制一体化的简明算法,无需复杂的控制与调制理论,同时兼具多目标优化、易于实现非线性约束、快速动态响应等的优势。目前在两电平逆变器驱动感应电机或永磁同步电机的优化控制方面[8-10],以及三电平逆变器的优化控制中应用比较广泛且技术较成熟[11-13]。单相五电平ANPC逆变器运用FCS-MPC算法[14],代价函数中含有并网电流、中点电位和悬浮电容电压多个控制目标,权重系数分配不当,会造成各目标较大的控制偏差。单相逆变器相对三相逆变器只是一维的开关状态,而非空间电压矢量,计算量相对较小。
HuCungang, RuiTao, MaDajun, et al. A space vector modulation scheme for three-level ANPC inverters with neutral-point potential balancing and switching loss reduction[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2016, 36(13): 3598-3608.
WangZe, ZhangKai, ChenJimin, et al. A summary of capacitor voltage ripple suppression techniques applied to modular multilevel converters for AC motor drives[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2018, 33(16): 3756-3771.
[5]
HarbiI, AbdelrahemM, AhmedM, et al. Finite set model predictive control for split-capacitor active-neutral-point-clamped inverter with different voltage levels operating modes[C]// IEEE International Conference on Predictive Control of Electrical Drives and Power Electronics. Jinan: IEEE, 2021: 167-172.
LiuJilong, LiKefeng, XiaoFei, et al. A simplified equivalent SVPWM strategy for active neutral point clamped five-level inverter[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2022, 42(17): 6410-6425.
[10]
ZhuB, DuC, LiuQ, et al. A space vector pulse width modulation with capacitor voltage balance control for five-level active neutral-point-clamped inverter based on g-h coordinate system[C]// 14th IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA). Xi’an: IEEE, 2019: 1920-1925.
LiPing, WangJiuhe, ZhangQinghe. Hybrid variable-frequency SVPWM strategy for current harmonics suppression of Vienna rectifier[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2022, 48(10): 4039-4049.
HeJing, LiZongyu, WuGongping. Robust model predictive stator flux control for permanent magnet synchronous motors based on improved multi vector selection[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2025, 25(2): 610-620.
AnXiaoyu, MeiYongxiang, GuoLeilei, et al. Sensorless control of induction motor based on model predictive speed estimator[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2024, 24(25): 10783-10789.
LüChangzhi, MaXihe, ZhangYatong. Optimization of permanent magnet synchronous motor maximum torque per ampere control based onmodel prediction strategy[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2020, 20(8): 3062-3067.
HongJianfeng, ZhangXing, CaoRenxian, et al. Novel harmonic suppresion strategy for three-level grid-connected inverter based on finite control set model predictive control[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2022, 43(4): 184-190.
LiuChunxi, TianBaoqi, LiuZhile, et al. Adaptive model predictive control for NPC type three-level grid-connected inverter[J]. Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA, 2023, 35(1): 143-151.
TianYazhuo, LiuChenwei, ZhangYongjun, et al. An improved sequential model predictive control strategy for T-type three-level inverter system[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(24): 7821-7832.
[25]
AbarzadehM, Al-HaddadK. An improved model predictive controller for five-level active-neutral-point-clamped converter[C]// IEEE Electrical Power and Energy Conference (EPEC). Toronto: IEEE, 2018: 1-6.
WuQi, HuCungang, ZhangYunlei, et al. Research on fast model predictive control strategy for three-level ANP converter[J]. Power Electronics, 2020, 54(4): 103-106.
[28]
LiuC, DuC S, JiangY, et al. Leakage current suppression of transformer less 5L-ANPC inverter with lower ripple model predictive control[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2022, 58(5): 6297-6309.
[29]
YangY, PanJ Y, WenH Q, et al. Computationally efficient model predictive control with fixed switching frequency of five-level ANPC converters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2022, 69(12): 11903-11914.
[30]
MonfaredK K, Iman-EiniH, NeyshabouriY, et al. Model predictive control with reduced common-mode voltage based on optimal switching sequences for nested neutral point clamped inverter[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2024, 71(1): 27-38.
[31]
ZhouD, QuanZ, LiY W. Model predictive control of 5L-ANPC converters with level-shifted pulse-width-modulation[C]// 2020 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE). Detroit: IEEE, 2020: 2182-2188.
[32]
ZhangY, ChenH, LiuC, et al. An improved finite control set model predictive control with complete control of flying-capacitor voltages for four-level nested neutral-point clamped inverters[C]// 2024 IEEE 7th International Electrical and Energy Conference (CIEEC). Harbin: IEEE, 2024: 5243-5249.
[33]
IbrahimH, HamzaM, MostafaA, et al. Multi-objective control of nine-level ANPC converters: a robust and gain-free MPC method[C]// 2023 IEEE International Conference on Predictive Control of Electrical Drives and Power Electronics (PRECEDE). Wuhan: IEEE, 2023: 1-6.
LiKefeng, GaoShan, LiuJilong, et al. Floating capacitor pre-charging control strategy for five-level active neutral-point-clamped inverter[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(8): 2064-2075.