
科学技术与工程

中国技术经济学会
空中交通管制员工作效率量化评估方法
Quantitative Evaluation Method for Work Efficiency of Air Traffic Controllers
面向动态空域环境下空中交通管理效能提升与资源配置优化需求,提出了一种基于多维工作负荷融合的空中交通管制员工作效率量化评估方法。通过解析管制效率与工作负荷的动态耦合机制,构建包含通话、监视、操作、思考及特情处置负荷的四维评估指标体系,首次将特情处置因子纳入量化分析框架。采用熵权-层次分析组合赋权法确定指标主客观综合权重,并基于黑翅鸢优化算法(black-winged kite algorithm,BKA)改进高斯混合模型(Gaussian mixture model,GMM),建立管制工作效率分级评估模型。基于中国民航空管岗位职业技能大赛的视频音频数据实证表明:经优化的BKA-GMM模型可实现管制效率等级的精准分类,准确率和轮廓系数较传统GMM分别提升7.08%、9.82%,有效解决动态空域环境下管制效率量化评估难题,为精准识别管制瓶颈和优化资源调度提供理论依据。
To address the demands for enhancing the efficiency of air traffic management and optimizing resource allocation in dynamic airspace environments, a quantitative assessment method for air traffic controllers’ work efficiency based on the fusion of multi-dimensional workloads was proposed. By analyzing the dynamic coupling mechanism between control efficiency and workloads, a four-dimensional evaluation index system including communication, surveillance, operation, thinking, and emergency handling loads was constructed, and the emergency handling factor was incorporated into the quantitative analysis framework for the first time. The entropy weight and analytic hierarchy process combined weighting method was adopted to determine the comprehensive subjective and objective weights of the indicators, and GMM (Gaussian mixture model) was improved based on BKA (black-winged kite algorithm) to establish a hierarchical assessment model for control work efficiency. Empirical evidence based on the video and audio data of the civil aviation air traffic management position vocational skills competition in China shows that the optimized BKA-GMM model can achieve precise classification, with accuracy and silhouette coefficient increasing by 7.08% and 9.82% respectively compared to the traditional GMM. This effectively solves the problem of quantifying control efficiency in dynamic airspace environments and provides a theoretical basis for accurately identifying control bottlenecks and optimizing resource scheduling.
工作效率 / 管制员工作负荷 / 高斯混合模型 / 聚类评估 / 黑翅鸢优化算法
work efficiency / controller workload / Gaussian mixture model / cluster evaluation / black winged kite optimization algorithm
WL=LTfT(tTi,PTi,ATi)+LMfM(CMj,AMj,PMj)+
LOfO(COk,AOk)+LSfS(CSm,DSm,PSm,MSm)
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国家重点研发计划(2024YFC3014400)
民航飞行技术与飞行安全科研基地(F2024KF04C)
中国民用航空飞行学院基本科研项目(25CAFUC03047)
中国民用航空飞行学院基本科研项目(25CAFUC03105)
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