To address climate change and promote sustainable development, based on evolutionary game theory, a game model was constructed for the interaction between platforms, power generation companies, and consumers, breaking through the limitations of traditional bilateral games and exploring in depth the evolutionary mechanism and equilibrium state of the green electricity market. Firstly, the strategies and payoff functions of the three parties were defined, and the replicator dynamic equations and Jacobian matrix were established to analyze the impact of different initial strategies on the evolutionary path. Then, numerical simulations were conducted to study the effects of changes in green electricity costs, platform incentive strength, and consumer preferences on the system's equilibrium, revealing the dynamic interactions between platform incentives, production strategies of power generation companies, and consumer preferences. Finally, stability analysis was used to discuss the conditions under which the system reaches an ideal equilibrium state. The results show that the promotion of green electricity faces key barriers, including the inertia resistance of consumer behavior changes, the sensitivity of green electricity costs, and the scale paradox of increasing electricity demand. These findings highlight that the sustainable development of the green electricity market requires effective coordination between policy incentives, market mechanisms, and consumer behavior.
TANG Wen-xing, YIN Zhe, YANG Peng-fei, SONG Xin-yu, ZHU Rui-jin.
Evolutionary Game-based Mechanism for Green Electricity Promotion[J].
Science Technology and Engineering, 2026, 26(20): 8692-8702 DOI:10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2501707
近年来,随着可再生能源技术的突破性进展和全社会环保意识的显著增强,全球绿色电力市场规模呈现快速增长态势。绿色电力作为清洁能源体系的重要组成,已成为全球能源结构转型的关键方向。国际可再生能源机构(International Renewable Energy Agency,IRENA)的数据显示,2022年全球可再生能源发电量占比已达到30%以上,其中绿色电力的贡献日益凸显。据统计,2021—2023年,全国绿电交易成交电量分别为87×108、181×108、697×108 kW·h,年均增长283%。然而,绿色电力的推广仍面临诸多挑战:首先,与传统化石能源相比,绿色电力的生产成本仍然较高,据国际能源署(International Energy Agency,IEA)测算,目前光伏发电的平准化度电成本(levelized cost of energy,LCOE)仍比煤电高出约20%;其次,消费者对绿色电力的认知度和接受度有待提升,市场调研显示,超过60%的终端用户对绿色电力的环境效益缺乏清晰认知;最后,市场机制的不完善导致绿色电力的价值难以充分体现,电力市场化改革仍需深化。这些问题的解决需要平台、发电公司和消费者三方的协同努力[1-4]。
$\left\{\begin{array}{l}\left(p_{c}+p_{g}\right)(1+d+f)<2 D d+f+1+\alpha d i_{g} \\c_{g} d+\alpha d i_{g}<p_{g}(1+d+f)+d i_{g} \\L c+Q d i_{g}<L+Q p_{c}(1+d+f)\end{array}\right.$
$\left\{\begin{array}{l}D(1+d)+\alpha d i_{\varepsilon}>(1+d) p_{\mathrm{g}} \\c_{\mathrm{g}} d+\alpha d i_{\varepsilon}<d i_{\varepsilon}+(1+d) p_{\varepsilon} \\L+Q p_{c}(1+d+f)<L c+Q d i_{\mathrm{g}}\end{array}\right.$
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