在航空运输管理中飞行安全和场面运行安全广受关注，停机位指派优化是保障机场安全管理的重要途径。从运行安全和运行效率的角度研究停机位指派问题，以航班在场面的冲突次数最少作为运行安全的衡量目标，以靠桥率最大以及乘客步行距离最短作为衡量运行效率的目标，提出综合考虑运行安全和效率的停机位指派模型。设计一种改进的粒子群算法（improved adaptive particle swarm optimization, IAPSO）求解模型，在算法中引入自适应粒子更新策略与动态逆向学习机制，有效避免种群易陷入局部极值、收敛精度不足的问题。基于机场的航班数据，设计不同规模的算例仿真实验。实验结果表明，所提出的方法在冲突次数和靠桥率等指标上均有较好的表现，有效改善了航班地面运行过程中的安全性和机场运行效率。

In aviation transportation management, flight safety and ground operation safety are widely concerned. Gate assignment optimization is considered an important approach to ensuring airport safety management. The gate assignment problem was analyzed from the perspective of operational safety and efficiency. The minimum number of flight conflicts on the ground was used as the measurement criterion for operational safety, while the maximum docking rate and the shortest passenger walking distance were used for operationalefficiency. A gate assignment model that integrates both aspects was proposed. An improved adaptive particle swarm optimization (IAPSO) algorithm was developed. An adaptive particle update strategy and a dynamic reverse learning mechanism were incorporated to prevent the population from falling into local optima and to enhance convergence accuracy. Simulation experiments of different scales were conducted based on airport flight data. The results show that the proposed method performs well in terms of the number of conflicts and the docking rate, improving both flight ground operation safety and airport operational efficiency.