IPMC (ionic polymer-metal composite) represents a new generation of smart material, characterized by its low driving voltage requirements, large deformation, and fast response. It possesses vast opportunities for advancement in fields including aerospace, bionic robots, and medical instruments. However, the deformation control precision of IPMC actuators can be greatly influenced by the hysteresis characteristics. A nonlinear hysteresis circuit model based on IPMC was proposed to address this issue. A dataset was constructed by collecting the tip displacement of the IPMC actuator. Then the discretized Preisach model was introduced to describe the hysteresis characteristics of IPMC. A finite number of hysteresis voltage comparator operational amplifier circuits were selected to simulate the function of the P operator. Finally, the P operators in the Preisach plane were regarded as particles and combined with the particle swarm algorithm in this paper for the insurance of the calculation accuracy of the nonlinear hysteresis circuit model. Experiments show that increasing the number of operators within the discretized Preisach plane leads to a gradual improvement in accuracy. MSE (mean squared error) of the model accuracy is lower than 0.01 when the number of P operators reaches 80. The feasibility of the circuit model is verified by modeling the hysteresis characteristics of IPMC materials in the form of a hardware circuit and evaluating its response to an input signal.
SHI Tong-yang, AN Kun, YUAN Hui-ting, REN Hui-peng, MENG Jiang, WEI Jia-hao.
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Science Technology and Engineering, 2026, 26(6): 2453-2463 DOI:10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2501282
在IPMC致动器迟滞非线性补偿与控制中。陈岚峰等[7]通过加权Levy辨识算法建立了一种分数阶模型来描述IPMC驱动器的非整数阶动力学特性,并设计了最优分数阶控制器,实验证明其在响应速度、超调量和通频带方面均优于传统的整数阶控制器。此后,陈靖威等[8]采用了一种四阶自回归受控传递函数模型对IPMC致动器的电驱动尖端位移响应进行建模,并设计出一种基于分数阶的二阶滑模控制器,其控制效果要优于分数阶PIλDμ控制器,能实现更加精确的控制。Anh等[9]提出了一种自回归神经网络与模糊算法相结合的非线性模型,能够很好地模拟IPMC在位移致动上的非线性。Hao等[10]采用离散Prandtl-Ishlinskii模型分析了IPMC的滞回特性,并建立了自适应逆控制策略。Nam等[11]基于Preisach型模糊非线性自回归外生模型(nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous inputs,NARX)和改进的粒子群算法(particle swarm optimization,POS),建立了融合模型来估计IPMC尖端位移。Khawwaf等[12]通过实验辨识提出了IPMC作动器的标称模型,并提出了一种非奇异终端滑模控制器,验证了控制器的跟踪精度和鲁棒性。Lagosh等[13]基于有限元的思想,对IPMC致动器进行分段建模,有效表现了其磁滞特性。Zamyad等[14]研究了不同温度和湿度下IPMC致动器的磁滞特性,并使用基于Laguerre多层感知器网络的非自回归模型进行建模。Tepljakov等[15]采用了FO(fractional order)比例-积分-导数(fractional order proportional-integral-derivative)控制器,以及基于FO逆模型(fractional order inverse model,FOINVM)的控制。何建龙[16]建立了离散化的Preisach模型,自整定PID控制相结合的复合控制、迟滞逆补偿控制和自抗扰控制相结合的复合控制3种方案。刘玠等[17]改进了Preisach模型,并应用于其他材料。本次研究也受到了离散化Preisach模型的启发从而建立了电路模型。
对于包含N个算子的 Preisach 模型,其输入变量(上下阈值电压)共计2N个。由于采用镜像电路设计,实际仅需对N个输入变量进行参数优化。在找到 P 算子的最优参数后,采用相同的方法通过贝叶斯优化进一步寻找放大系数。在 P 算子网络优化过程中,鉴于电路内部采用等比分布设置,可能出现算子冗余现象,即 P 算子在 Preisach 平面的位置发生重叠。此时,需通过修改相应算子的分布函数RK予以去除。
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