煤相类型是控制煤物质组成和内部结构差异的关键因素。查明煤相对煤储层孔隙结构非均质性的控制作用，对煤层气吸附／解吸与渗流规律研究具有重要意义。针对保德区块，创新性地采用“高压压汞-气体（N₂/CO₂）吸附-分形维数”多尺度耦合表征技术体系，首次实现该区中低阶煤纳米-微米级全尺度孔隙高精度定量表征，并揭示了孔隙结构与煤相之间的控制关系，优选了煤层气开发优势煤相区。主要结论如下：微孔、介孔、中孔和大孔孔容呈梯度递减，且分形维数随孔径减小显著增加，表明孔径越小，孔隙表面复杂度与吸附潜力越高，但渗流能力越弱。凝胶化指数（gelation index, GI）与微孔-介孔分形维数呈正相关关系，主要影响煤储层吸附能力；植物组织保存指数（tissue preservation index, TPI）与中大孔孔容呈正相关关系，主要影响煤储层渗流能力。覆水-湿地森林沼泽相煤储层孔隙呈三峰分布，分形非均质性较低，微孔-中大孔协同发育，为高效吸附-渗流一体化优势煤相，开阔水域沼泽次之，低位草本相和干燥森林沼泽相最差。在保德区块煤层气二次开发中，应将覆水-湿地森林沼泽相和宽阔水域沼泽相区域作为核心地质靶区，而对低位草本沼泽相和干燥森林沼泽相区域煤储层实施差异化压裂改造措施。

The type of coal facies is the key factor controlling the material composition and internal structure differences of coal. Ascertaining the controlling effect of coal on the heterogeneity of the pore structure of coal reservoirs is of great significance for the study of the adsorption/desorption and seepage laws of coalbed methane (CBM). Focusing on the Baode block, innovatively adopting the multi-scale coupling characterization technology system of "high-pressure mercury pressure-gas (N₂/CO₂) adsorption-fractal dimension", the high-precision quantitative characterization of the nano-micron scale full-scale pores of medium and low-rank coal in this area was achieved for the first time. It also revealed the control relationship between pore structure and coal phase, and optimized the advantageous coal phase area for CBM development. The main conclusions are as follows: the pore volumes of micropores, mesopores, mesopores and macropores decrease in a gradient manner, and the fractal dimension increases significantly with the decrease of pore diameter, indicating that the smaller the pore diameter, the higher the complexity of the pore surface and the adsorption potential, but the weaker the seepage capacity. The gelation index (GI) is positively correlated with the fractal dimension of micropore-mesopore, mainly affecting the adsorption capacity of coal reservoirs. The tissue preservation index (TPI) is positively correlated with the pore volume of medium and large pores, mainly affecting the seepage capacity of coal reservoirs. The pores of the coal reservoir in the water-overlying-wetland forest marsh phase show a three-peak distribution, with low fractal heterogeneity. Micropores and macropores develop synergically, which is the dominant coal phase of efficient adsorption-seepage integration. The open water marsh phase is second, and the low-level herbaceous phase and dry forest marsh phase are the worst. In the secondary development of CBM in the Baode block, the water-overlying-wetland forest marsh facies and the wide water area marsh facies areas should be regarded as the core geological target areas, while differentiated fracturing and transformation measures should be implemented for the coal reservoirs in the low-level herbaceous marsh facies and dry forest marsh facies areas.