随着地下空间开发的规模和深度不断扩展，基坑工程面临着前所未有的技术和环境挑战。结合室内模型试验与数值模拟，对基坑开挖过程中桩锚支护结构的响应进行全面分析。通过分级开挖的模型试验，模拟不同工况下的基坑开挖过程，利用ABAQUS有限元分析软件建立相应的数值模型。监测护壁桩桩体弯矩、桩顶水平位移和坑外地表沉降等关键参数，探讨这些参数在不同工况下的变化规律。结果表明：桩体弯矩随基坑开挖深度的增加而增大，施加锚杆预应力能在预应力施加区域有效降低弯矩。地表沉降呈现“汤勺形”分布，且预应力锚杆显著减小了沉降值。桩顶位移随着开挖深度的增加而增大，预应力锚杆的施加同样减少了位移量。研究成果为深基坑工程桩锚支护系统的设计和优化提供了一定的科学依据。

With the continuous expansion of underground space development in both scale and depth, excavation engineering is facing unprecedented technical and environmental challenges. A comprehensive analysis of the response of pile-anchor support structures during excavation of foundation pits was conducted by combining laboratory model tests and numerical simulations. A staged excavation model test was conducted to simulate the excavation process under different working conditions, and a corresponding numerical model was established using the ABAQUS finite element analysis software. Key parameters, including the bending moment of the retaining piles, horizontal displacement at the pile head, and ground surface settlement outside the pit, were monitored to investigate their variation patterns under different conditions. The results indicate that the bending moment of the piles increases with the depth of excavation, while the application of anchor prestress effectively reduces the bending moment in the prestressed zone. The ground surface settlement exhibits a "spoon-shaped" distribution, and the prestressed anchors significantly reduce the settlement values. The displacement at the pile head increases with the excavation depth, and the application of prestressed anchors also reduces the displacement. The research results provide a certain scientific basis for the design and optimization of pile-anchor support systems in deep excavation projects.