临河基坑地下水具有随离河距离的增加，水位递减的特征，在基坑降水工程中，这种地下水前后分布不均的情况，传统等间距布置降水井会浪费大量施工成本。为此，以邯郸市南桥分洪闸枢纽基坑工程为依托，基于降水井漏斗理论与群井叠加效应原理，对临河基坑布置降水井进行优化设计。通过理论计算，设计出基坑不同距河位置处合理的降水井分布，并通过数值模拟对比分析了传统等间距与设计间距布置下的基坑降水效果。结果表明：优化间距布置能提前6 d完成降水任务，且降水完成后基坑内地下水位分布较均匀，实现了临河基坑降水设计的优化，为工程实践提供理论指导。

The groundwater in the foundation pit near the river has the characteristic of decreasing water level with increasing distance from the river. In the foundation pit dewatering project, the uneven distribution of groundwater before and after will waste a lot of construction costs due to the traditional equidistant arrangement of dewatering wells. Therefore, based on the foundation pit project of Nanqiao Flood Diversion Sluice Hub in Handan City, and based on the funnel theory of dewatering wells and the principle of group well superposition effect, the layout of dewatering wells in the foundation pit near the river was optimized and designed. Through theoretical calculations, reasonable distribution of dewatering wells at different distances from the river in the foundation pit was designed, and the dewatering effect of the foundation pit under traditional equidistant and design spacing arrangements was compared and analyzed through numerical simulations. The results indicate that optimizing the spacing arrangement can complete the precipitation task six days in advance, and the distribution of groundwater level in the foundation pit is relatively uniform after the precipitation is completed, achieving the optimization of the dewatering design of the riverside foundation pit and providing theoretical guidance for engineering practice.