盾构管片受注浆工艺、地层性质等因素的影响，易存在壁后空洞等缺陷。为探究含壁后空洞盾构隧道管片的变形响应机制，建立考虑环、纵向接头的三维精细化盾构隧道数值模型，分析了不同地层性质、隧道埋深、壁后间隙、注浆圈弹性模量与管片初始椭变作用下含空洞管片结构的受荷后椭圆度、接缝张开与错台情况。结果表明：地层自稳性降低、隧道埋深增大、壁后间隙增大、浆液凝固后刚度减弱均会加剧结构变形；较小范围内的管片初始椭变，可有效降低结构变形，同等偏角条件下，初始椭变越大结构变形越小；隧道埋深为10.8 m时的隧腰空洞深度临界值大致在0.5 ~ 1.0 m；隧腰空洞的存在使得结构椭变及接缝张开极大值有所提升，对结构变形的影响大小排序为：管片错台<受荷后椭圆度<接缝张开。

Due to the influence of grouting technology and formation property, the segment of shield tunnel is easy to have defects such as cavity behind the wall. In order to investigate the deformation response mechanism of shield tunnel segments with a cavity behind the wall, a three-dimensional refined numerical model of shield tunnel considering the ring and longitudinal joints was established, the ovality after loading, joint opening and dislocation of the hollow segment structure under the action of different stratum properties, tunnel buried depth, back clearance, elastic modulus of grouting ring and initial ellipse of segment were analyzed. The results show that the structural deformation will be aggravated by the decrease of stratum self-stability, the increase of tunnel buried depth, the increase of back-wall clearance and the decrease of stiffness after slurry solidification, under the condition of the same deflection angle, the larger the initial ellipse is, the smaller the deformation is, and the critical depth of the tunnel is about 0.5 ~ 1.0 m when the tunnel depth is 10.8 m. The influence of the tunnel waist cavity on the structural deformation is listed as follows: segment dislocation < ellipticity < joint opening after loading.