稠油注蒸汽开发中蒸汽的加热效率是影响开发效果的重要因素，为完善海上厚层稠油油藏热采开发过程中的加热效率的评价流程，选取渤海LD区块典型岩心，从物理实验、理论评价、数值模拟3个维度系统地开展了目标油田热效率的定量评价。通过开展物性测试实验，明确不同类型岩石的导热系数和比热容随温度的变化特征，分析储层导热能力和吸热能力，计算并分析储层岩石的热扩散能力。接着，基于能量守恒，建立储层加热效率评价方法，并利用CMG数值模拟方法分析了厚层稠油油藏蒸汽吞吐、蒸汽驱以及蒸汽辅助重力泻油（steam-assisted gravity drainage, SAGD）开发过程中的热效率变化特征。结果表明，LD区块中砂岩、砾岩的热扩散系数要大于泥岩，砂砾岩层温度传播更快，可以将更多的热量作用于原油；与蒸汽驱相比，蒸汽吞吐生产初期热损失率较小，随生产进行热损失率增加，最终蒸汽吞吐和蒸汽驱热利用率分别为67.6%和31.1%；均质油藏条件下SAGD生产热利用率为43.3%，油藏非均质性、边底水或连续隔夹层会使热效率降低2.6%~15.3%。该研究为不同类型的厚层稠油油藏热效率系统评价、热采高效开发提供系统性指导。

The heating efficiency of steam in the development of heavy oil by steam injection is an important factor influencing the development effect. In order to improve the evaluation process of the heating efficiency during the thermal recovery development of offshore thick-layer heavy oil reservoirs, typical core samples from the LD block in the Bohai Sea were selected, and a quantitative evaluation of the thermal efficiency of the target oilfield was systematically carried out from three dimensions: physical experiments, theoretical evaluation, and numerical simulation. Through physical property testing experiments, the variations of thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity of different rock types with temperature were determined. The thermal conductivity and heat absorption capacity of the reservoir rocks were analyzed, and the thermal diffusivity of the reservoir rocks was calculated and analyzed. Then, an evaluation method for reservoir heating efficiency was established based on the principle of energy conservation. The CMG numerical simulation method was used to analyze the characteristics of thermal efficiency changes during cyclic steam stimulation (CSS), steam flooding(SF), and steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) development in thick layer heavy oil reservoirs. The results show that the thermal diffusivity of sandstone and conglomerate in the LD block is higher than that of mudstone. The temperature in the sandstone and conglomerate propagates faster, allowing more heat to be applied to crude oil. Compared to SF, CSS has a lower heat loss rate in the early stages of production. As production continues, the heat loss rate increases. Ultimately, the thermal efficiencies of CSS and SF are 67.6% and 31.1%, respectively. Under homogeneous reservoir conditions, the thermal efficiency of SAGD is 43.3%. Reservoir heterogeneity, the presence of bottom and edge water, or continuous interlayers reduce thermal efficiency by 2.6% to 15.3%. This study provides systematic guidance for the systematic evaluation of the thermal efficiency of different types of thick-layer heavy oil reservoirs and the efficient development through thermal recovery methods.