超声波流量计（ultrasonic flow meters, UFMs）的测量性能对安装位置极为敏感，实际应用中不可避免地遇到非标准测试条件。针对常见的阀门扰流件，目前尚缺乏相应的误差影响规律及误差修正模型研究。以蝶阀为阀门研究对象，构建不同入口流速、管径、阀门位置和开度等条件下超声波流量测量过程的有限元数值模型，探讨蝶阀对流场和误差特性的影响规律，最终建立超声波流量计的测量误差修正模型。结果表明：管道内流体受到阀板阻挡而引起过流截面积缩小，阀板与管壁之间形成高流速区域；阀门上游和下游管道截面上的流速分布发生畸变，畸变程度随着距离的增大而逐渐减弱；对于管径的影响，当流量计距下游阀门大于0.6D时（D为管道直径），根据误差特性可以把管径分为两组，分别为0.1 ~ 0.3 m和0.4 ~ 0.6 m，可针对两组管径范围分别建立误差修正模型；当流量计距离上游阀门大于5D，管径0.1 ~ 0.6 m范围内的测量误差一致性较强，可建立统一的误差修正模型；经模型修正后，流量测量误差低于2.0%；对于阀门开度的影响，当阀门开度在30° ~ 75°范围内，流量计距离下游和上游阀门分别大于0.6D和5D时，测量误差一致性较强，在阀门位置确定的条件下，针对不同阀门开度可以建立统一的修正模型；经模型修正后，流量测量误差低于2.0%。研究成果为拓展超声波流量计在非标测试条件下的应用范围提供了理论依据和模型支撑。

The measurement performance of ultrasonic flow meters (UFMs) is highly sensitive to the installation location. In practical applications, non-standard testing conditions are inevitable. Currently, there is a lack of research on the error characteristics and correction models for valve-induced flow disturbances. Taking butterfly valves as the research subject, finite element numerical models for UFM measurements under various conditions including different inlet velocities, pipe diameters, valve positions, and valve openings were constructed. The impact of butterfly valves on flow field characteristics and error characteristics was investigated, and ultimately error correction models for UFMs were established. The results show that the fluid inside the pipeline experiences a reduction in cross-sectional area due to the obstruction caused by the valve, resulting in high-velocity regions between the valve and pipe wall. The velocity distribution on the cross-sections of the pipeline upstream and downstream of the valve becomes distorted, with the degree of distortion gradually decreasing as the distance from the valve increases. When the distance between the flow meter and the downstream valve exceeds 0.6D (D is the diameter of the pipeline), the pipe diameters can be divided into two groups based on the error characteristics, 0.1 ~ 0.3 m and 0.4 ~ 0.6 m respectively. Two error correction models can be established for the two groups. When the distance between the flow meter and the upstream valve exceeds 5D, the measurement errors for pipe diameters in the range of 0.1 ~ 0.6 m show strong consistency, allowing for the establishment of a unified error correction model. After applying the correction model, the flow measurement error is reduced to below 2.0%. For valve openings in the range of 30° to 75°, when the distances between the flow meter and the downstream and upstream valves exceed 0.6D and 5D, respectively, the measurement errors exhibit strong consistency. Under fixed valve positions, a unified correction model can be established for different valve openings. After applying the correction model, the flow measurement error is reduced to below 2.0%. The research results provide a theoretical basis and model support for expanding the application range of UFMs under non-standard testing conditions.