轨道交通站点的功能综合反映了城市土地利用状况和城市空间活力。轨道交通站点与城市用地的和谐发展，对于优化城市交通、提升土地使用效率具有显著的正面影响。首先运用信息熵测算站点功能多样性，进一步运用优势度与均匀度探究站点功能演变的空间分布特征和结构特征，最后使用XGBoost-SHAP机器学习模型探讨了其驱动因素以及它们之间的交互效应。研究表明：从时间维度上看，2012—2023年间站点功能信息熵总体呈现波动下降趋势。从空间维度上看，二环内变化型站点居多，二环至五环相对稳定，五环至六环站点变化明显，整体站点功能动态不稳定，变化型站点占比高达76%。从结构维度上看，站点功能构成经历了明显的变化，商服型和交通型站点增长，居住型、产业型及公共型站点减少或波动下降。从驱动因素上看，站点范围内的POI（point of interest）数量、路网密度和生产总值等是影响北京地铁站点功能混合度水平的主导因素，且各个主导因素之间存在交互效应。本文研究结果对于改善地铁站点周边土地的使用效率和增强站点的活力具有重要意义。

The synthesis of rail transit stations is measured to reflect the status of urban land use and the vitality of urban space. The harmonious development between rail transit stations and urban land is found to have a significant positive impact on optimizing urban traffic and improving land use efficiency. Information entropy was first employed to measure the functional diversity of the site, and further, dominance and evenness were utilized to explore the spatial distribution and structural characteristics of the functional evolution of the site. Finally, the XGBoost-SHAP machine learning model was adopted to discuss the driving factors and their interaction effects. The results show as follows. From the perspective of the time dimension, the functional information entropy of the site exhibits a generally fluctuating downward trend from 2012 to 2023. From the perspective of the spatial dimension, it is observed that the majority of sites within the Second Ring Road are characterized as changing, while sites between the Second Ring Road and the Fifth Ring Road remain relatively stable. Significant changes are noted in sites located from the Fifth Ring Road to the Sixth Ring Road, resulting in overall instability in site functionality dynamics. The proportion of changing sites is reported to be as high as 76%. From the perspective of structure, significant changes are observed in the functional composition of sites, marked by the growth of commercial service and transportation sites, and the decrease or fluctuation of residential, industrial, and public sites. From the perspective of driving factors, the number of POI (point of interest), road network density, and gross product within the range of stations are identified as the primary factors influencing the functional mixing degree of Beijing Metro stations, with interactive effects among all these primary factors. The findings of this study hold great significance for enhancing the efficiency of land use around subway stations and boosting the vitality of subway stations.