糖尿病是一项重大的公共卫生挑战，患病率和死亡率高。多酚作为天然活性成分，在预防2型糖尿病（type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM）中表现出潜力。由于多酚主要通过调节miRNA表达来调控靶基因，因此，对多酚介导miRNAs调控靶标基因的各种功能进行分类和总结。尽管目前对其调控机制及功能的认识仍需深入，但多酚介导的miRNA靶向调控为防治糖尿病提供了新的理论依据和潜在策略，未来研究应结合多组学技术，进一步阐明其作用机制，并探索个性化应用潜力。

Diabetes mellitus is a major public health challenge with high prevalence and mortality rates. Polyphenols, as natural active components, have shown potential in the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Since polyphenols mainly regulate target genes by modulating miRNA expression, the various functions of polyphenol-mediated miRNA regulation of target genes were classified and summarized. Although the current understanding of their regulatory mechanisms and functions still needs to be deepened, polyphenol-mediated miRNA-targeted regulation provides new theoretical basis and potential strategies for the prevention and treatment of diabetes. Future research should combine multi-omics technologies to further clarify their mechanisms of action and explore their potential for personalized applications.