目前寒区隧道抗冻设防的重点部位和范围确定大多是以工程经验为主，尚未形成统一的标准。为了探究冻害对隧道不同部位的具体影响权值，通过调研22座典型寒区公路隧道冻害案例，基于群策三角模糊数的模糊层次分析法，建立了冻害影响部位的权重评价模型，并以甘肃G212七道梁隧道作为依托工程进行了验证。结果表明：冻害对隧道的主要影响部位集中在衬砌、道路、围岩、排水系统与通风系统、洞门和三缝位置，冻害对它们的影响权重依次为：排水系统与通风系统 >衬砌 >围岩>道路 >三缝 >洞门。

The determination of critical locations and the scope of freeze protection in cold-region tunnels is predominantly based on engineering expertise, with no universally accepted standards in place. To assess the specific impact weights of freeze damage on various tunnel components, a survey was conducted on 22 typical freeze-damage cases from cold-region highway tunnels. A weight evaluation model for freeze-damage impact locations was developed using the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process with group decision-making triangle fuzzy numbers. The model was validated through a case study of the Gansu G212 Qidaoliang Tunnel. The findings indicate that freeze damage predominantly affects the tunnel lining, road surface, surrounding rock, drainage and ventilation systems, tunnel portals, and junctions. The impact weights of freeze damage on these components are ranked as follows: drainage and ventilation systems > lining > surrounding rock > road surface > junctions > tunnel portals.