Located within the Tianhuan Depression of the Ordos Basin, Block H exhibits widespread low-amplitude structures that dominantly control hydrocarbon accumulation. To address challenges in identifying reservoir fluid properties and the low consistency rate of logging interpretations in the extended exploration area of Block H, a genetic analysis of low-contrast reservoirs was conducted using integrated datasets including core samples, water analysis data, conventional logging, and geological data. Key controlling factors influencing electrical responses in oil and water layers were systematically clarified. Building on these findings, an innovative evaluation methodology was proposed to distinguish fluid types by quantitatively characterizing the resistivity variation rate. A fluid identification chart was established, with the liquid property index as the primary controlling parameter and the dual formation water resistivity ratio as the secondary parameter. The results indicate that the low contrast of reservoir characteristics in Block H is mainly influenced by two factors: first, the low saturation of the reservoir caused by the low amplitude structure and complex pore structure of the region, and second, the frequent variation of formation water salinity on the plane interferes with the establishment of electrical interpretation standards for the expansion area. The FPI chart, developed based on morphological and numerical discrepancies in logging curves between oil-producing and water-producing wells, demonstrates enhanced differentiation capability compared to conventional acoustic-resistivity crossplots. Field applications yielded promising outcomes, with the new chart achieving an 84% consistency rate validated by testing results from 25 layers across 23 wells. This approach provides critical technical support for re-evaluating legacy wells and optimizing perforation intervals in new wells within the study area.
低对比度油层指与水层电阻率差异小,通过常规测井评价方法难以识别的油层。随着国内勘探开发进程的逐步深化,低对比度油层识别逐渐成为促进增储上产、保障油气资源供应的重点研究领域。与西方稳定地层水矿化度分布的海相沉积环境相比,低对比度油层这一概念多针对国内陆相沉积下发育的储层[1]。由于陆相沉积环境在较短的年限内变化速度较快,储层均质性差,水性特征受控于不同的沉积环境而频繁变化,导致纵向上高矿化度油层与低矿化度水层电性测井响应差异减小,除此之外,高不动水饱和度、低幅度构造、黏土附加导电作用、钻井液侵入、砂泥岩薄互层、导电矿物等因素均可能影响储层中的油藏,形成低对比度油层[2-9]。根据低对比度油藏的成因机制,近年来前人以低对比度储层高精度含水饱和度计算和电阻率测井响应特征校正为主要方向,开展了大量识别方法研究,取得了一系列研究成果[5-11],翟利华等[6]通过泥质含量-孔渗比-不动水饱和度三维模型间接计算储层可动水饱和度以实现定量评价,但该方法对于含水饱和度的计算精度同样提出了更高的要求;高伦[8]对比了试油层与邻近层位泥岩段的测井数据代表值,采用密度聚类(density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise,DBSCAN)生成特征簇,并将样本与簇心距离映射为高维特征,最终通过多层感知机(multilayer perceptron,MLP)构建识别模型,但该方法流程繁杂,在实际测井资料处理中操作难度较大;郭京哲等[9] 针对合道地区侏罗系地层,通过引入视电阻增大率与地层水矿化度构建油、水层识别图版,此种方法在地层水矿化度频繁变化的地区适应性不强,这些研究方法或受限于经济因素,或存在区域局限性,对于不同测井曲线之间的耦合性与相关性重视程度较低,在H区块未能发挥理想的应用效果,易造成低对比度油层的遗漏和误判。为进一步挖掘低对比度油藏勘探开发潜力,需要立足于研究区测井资料采集情况与解释评价现状,建立更具针对性的解释评价方法。
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