为评价榆神深部高强度开采矿井煤炭开采对顶板含水层的扰动情况并分析其覆岩破坏规律，采用理论分析、数值模拟以及现场实测的方法对大海则煤矿覆岩破坏特征进行研究。基于关键层位置的采动导水裂缝带预计方法预测大海则煤矿首采面LD1和LD2两带观测孔附近导水裂缝带发育高度分别为93 m和83.7 m；采用三角形块体划分岩层的UDEC数值模拟显示，LD1和LD2钻孔处导水裂缝带发育高度分别为94.5 m和82 m；实测得LD1钻孔、LD2钻孔处导水裂缝带发育高度分别为86.41 m和81.81 m，大海则煤矿采动导水裂缝发育至直罗组中部厚硬岩层底部。实测结果表明：结合基于关键层理论的导水裂缝带发育高度预测和离散元数值模拟能有效预测高强度开采条件下采动覆岩破坏高度。模拟表明，厚硬岩层上下部下沉特征存在显著差异，厚硬岩层下部岩层下沉角较上部小，采动覆岩破断下沉角随采高增大而增大。受覆岩结构影响，同一工作面内部采高较小位置导水裂缝带发育高度可能比采高较大的位置更大，深部高强度开采矿井导水裂缝带发育高度预计时应充分考虑覆岩岩层结构和物理力学特性影响。

To evaluate the disturbance of the overlying aquifer due to high-intensity coal mining in the deep part of the Yushen mine area and to analyze the failure patterns of the overburden, the characteristics of overburden damage at the Dahaize coal mine were studied by using theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and on-site measurements. Based on the method for predicting the height of the water-conducting fracture zone according to the position of the key stratum, it was predicted that the height of the water-conducting fracture zones near the observation holes of the first mining face LD1 and LD2 of the Dahai coal mine would be 93 m and 83.7 m, respectively. Using universal distinct element code (UDEC) numerical simulation with triangular block division of the rock strata, the heights of the water-conducting fracture zones at the LD1 and LD2 boreholes were shown to be 94.5 m and 82 m, respectively. The actual measurements show that the height of the water-conducting fracture zones at the LD1 and LD2 boreholes are 86.41 m and 81.81 m, reaching the bottom of the thick and hard rock layer in the middle of the Zhiluo Formation. The results indicate that combining predictions of the height of the water-conducting fracture zone based on the theory of key strata with discrete element numerical simulations can effectively predict the height of overburden damage under conditions of high-intensity mining. Simulations show that there are significant differences in the subsidence characteristics above and below the thick and hard rock layer, with the lower part having a smaller angle of subsidence than the upper part. The angle of subsidence and breakage of the overburden increases with the increase in mining height. Influenced by the structure of the overburden, within the same working face, locations with lower mining heights may have higher water-conducting fracture zone compared to those with greater mining heights. When estimating the height of the water-conducting fracture zone in deep, high-intensity mining operations, full consideration should be given to the structural and physical-mechanical properties of the overburden strata.