膨胀土具有遇水膨胀、失水收缩的不良工程性质，反复胀缩变形使膨胀土体易发生路基变形、边坡失稳和滑坡崩塌等地质灾害。当前工业固废的生成量持续攀升，且其堆积规模呈现显著增长态势，是制约经济、社会、环境的重要问题。根据近年来中外学者围绕工业固废改良膨胀土工程特性取得的研究成果，总结了膨胀土胀缩及改良机理，介绍了能有效改良膨胀土工程特性的多种工业固废，并按照产生方式将其分为煤电类、化工类、冶金类、矿业类及其他工业类，分别对其性质、改良机理、改良效果和应用现状展开详细阐述。在改良膨胀土施工技术和方法上，文章着重介绍了膨胀土路基和边坡处置方法。最后，对未来研究重点和方向进行展望。

Expansive soils expand with water and contract with loss of water, and repeated expansion and contraction deformation makes expansive soils susceptible to geological disasters such as roadbed deformation, slope instability and landslide collapse, etc. The current generation of industrial solid waste continues to climb, and the size of its accumulation shows a significant growth trend, it is an important issue that constrains the economy, society and the environment. On the basis of the research results obtained by scholars at home and abroad in recent years on the engineering characteristics of expanded soils improved by industrial solid wastes, the expansion and contraction of expansive soil and improvement mechanism was summarized, a variety of industrial solid waste that can effectively improve the engineering characteristics of expansive soil was introduced. And according to the way of its generation is divided into coal and electricity, chemical industry, metallurgy, mining and other industrial categories, respectively, its nature, improvement mechanism, improvement effect and application status were elaborated in detail. In terms of improving the construction technology and methods of expansive soil, the treatment methods of expansive soil subgrade and slope was focused on. Finally, the authors look forward to the future research focus and direction.