中国农村能源结构升级导致每年春耕前都有大量的残余秸秆急需处理，无序的露天焚烧容易形成区域性雾霾。提出以城市环境控制为目标，将计划性有序烧除方法作为应急方案处理耕地内的残余秸秆。基于WRF-CMAQ （weather research and forecasting-community multiscale air quality）数值模式研究秸秆焚烧颗粒物在气象条件驱动下的扩散特性，探讨制定秸秆焚烧方案的理论依据。首先，应用WRF-CMAQ模型，结合气象和空气质量监测站数据验证，建立区域空气质量模拟方法；然后根据各个影响因素制定多种秸秆焚烧方案，模拟秸秆焚烧条件下的空气质量；最后，面向计划性烧除，以PM_2.5为空气质量评价指标，探讨秸秆焚烧污染物的扩散规律。结果表明：PM_2.5浓度增量随焚烧率线性增加，与风速、焚烧时长、焚烧距离呈负指数下降关系。当风速大于1.6 m/s时，风向决定了污染物扩散方向。在距离焚烧中心20 km以内，PM_2.5浓度下降速度较快，而超过20 km后，浓度变化速率趋于平缓。研究成果可为秸秆计划性烧除提供技术支撑。即根据焚烧污染物的扩散特征在城市远郊耕地预先划分可焚烧区块，结合气象预报信息制定秸秆焚烧方案。在有效保障城市空气质量的同时，促进农业残余秸秆高效处理。

Large amounts of crop residues are annually left in cultivated lands as waste with the replacement of biomass energy in China. Traditionally, severe haze is often reported due to the open field burning, which has severely threatened the public's health. Planed burning was proposed as an efficient solution to dispose the crop residues ensuring the air quality within the environment bearing capacity or under certain criteria. The diffusion characteristic of particulate matter driven by meteorology via weather research and forecasting-community multiscale air quality(WRF-CMAQ) simulations were investigated, and thereby expected to provide technical support for prescribed burning. Firstly, the WRF-CMAQ model was employed, and regional air quality simulation were conducted by validation with meteorological and air quality monitoring station data. Subsequently, various crop residue burning scenarios were devised based on different influencing factors, and simulations of air quality under crop residue burning conditions were conducted. Finally, focusing on planned burning, the diffusion patterns of crop residue burning pollutants were investigated. The results indicate that the increase in PM_2.5 concentration is linearly related to the burning rate and decreases exponentially with wind speed, burning duration, and burning distance. When the wind speed exceeds 1.6 m/s, the wind direction determines the direction of pollutant dispersion. Within 20 km of the burning center, the PM_2.5 concentration decreases rapidly, whereas beyond 20 km, the rate of concentration change becomes relatively stable. The research results can provide technical support for planned burning. It involves predesignating burnable areas in cultivated lands located in the far suburbs based on the dispersion characteristics of burning pollutants and developing straw burning plans in conjunction with meteorological forecast information. Such strategies aim to ensure urban air quality while efficiently managing crop residues.