为探究液化天然气（liquefied natural gas, LNG）接收站泄漏扩散规律，基于计算流体力学理论（computational fluid dynamics, CFD），利用Fluent软件对LNG接收站内天然气泄漏扩散行为进行研究。构建了LNG单储罐、接收站及其周边环境的三维数值模型，模拟了LNG接收站内风场分布、不同泄漏孔径、高度和位置条件下的LNG泄漏扩散过程。结果表明：储罐区域复杂风场显著影响扩散模式，产生复杂的风流绕动、回流和旋涡现象；泄漏孔径的增大会加速气云扩散速度，增大了覆盖面积和泄漏量；低泄漏孔高度下气云会更早威胁工艺区，高孔位则会扩大地面扩散范围及速度；泄漏孔位置则会决定气云是紧贴地面迅速扩散还是聚集在储罐前形成停滞的高浓度危险区。研究结果为LNG接收站的安全设计与应急响应策略提供科学依据。

In order to explore the law of leakage and diffusion in liquefied natural gas (LNG) receiving station, the leakage and diffusion behavior of natural gas in LNG receiving station were studied by using Fluent software based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) theory. The three-dimensional numerical model of LNG single storage tank, receiving station and its surrounding environment was constructed, and the LNG leakage diffusion process was simulated under different conditions of wind field distribution, leakage aperture, height and location. The results show that the complex wind field in the tank area significantly affects the diffusion pattern, resulting in complex wind flow around, backflow and vortex phenomena. The increase of leakage aperture will accelerate the gas cloud diffusion speed and increase the coverage area and leakage amount. At low leak hole height, gas cloud will threaten the process area earlier, while at high leak hole height, it will expand the surface diffusion range and speed. The location of the leak hole will determine whether the gas cloud spreads rapidly against the ground or accumulates in front of the tank to form a stagnant, high-concentration danger zone. It is concluded that the results can provide scientific basis for the safety design and emergency response strategy of LNG receiving stations.