运河选线是运河方案设计的关键环节，直接关系到运河工程投资和航运综合效益。传统人工选线方法存在主观性强、比选方案有限、决策周期长、劳动强度大等缺陷，较难获得全域最优路线。针对这一问题，提出了一种运河智能选线方法，该方法应用地理信息系统生成运河走廊带以简化搜索域；构建了运河路线优化数学模型，将选线问题转化为基于走廊带的平面线形优化问题；引入遗传算法对模型进行求解，结合目标函数和约束条件，利用选择、交叉和变异等操作实现了全局最优解的搜索；采用平陆运河工程项目资料进行了选线案例应用分析。结果表明：基于遗传算法的智能选线方法，能够在较短时间内找到符合约束条件的运河最优路线，相较于传统人工方法具有提高效率和节约成本的明显优势。研究成果可为未来运河工程的高效设计提供技术支撑。

Canal route selection is a key link in canal scheme design, directly related to canal engineering investment and comprehensive shipping benefits. The traditional manual route selection method has shortcomings such as strong subjectivity, limited comparison options, long decision-making cycles, and high labor intensity, making it difficult to obtain the optimal route for the entire region. A canal intelligent route selection method was proposed to address this issue, which applied geographic information systems to generate canal corridor belt to simplify the search domain. A mathematical model was constructed for optimizing the canal route, which transforming the problem of route selection into a plane alignment optimization problem based on the corridor belt. The genetic algorithm was introduced to solve the model, combined with the objective function and constraint conditions, the search for the global optimal solution was achieved through operations such as selection, crossover, and mutation. A case study analysis of route selection was conducted using data from a domestic canal. The results show that the intelligent route selection method based on genetic algorithm can find the optimal route of the canal that meets the constraints in a shorter time, and has significant advantages in improving efficiency and saving costs compared to traditional manual methods. The research results can provide technical support for the efficient design of future canal projects.