酥碱病害被称为壁画的“癌症”，其修复方法主要采用注浆进行加固，由于文物的特殊性，注浆加固范围难以直接检测。为了能了解浆液在酥碱地仗中的扩散范围及规律，通过室内注浆试验，选取丙烯酸树脂Paraloid B72为加固剂，研究了浆液在酥碱地仗层的渗透扩散过程，分析了浆液浓度、地仗层孔隙率和注浆方式等因素对浆液扩散的影响规律。研究表明：地仗层采用竖直注浆和倾斜注浆两种方式的注浆量和扩散范围随时间变化趋势相似，没有明显的差异，浆液的扩散形态以球形向外扩散为主。浆液扩散范围随着孔隙增大而增大，随着浆液浓度增大而减少。试验完成后，试样扩散范围为0.65 ~ 50 cm²，水平扩散距离为1 ~5 cm，竖直扩散距离为1.15 ~ 10 cm。基于扩散面积、浆液渗透速率、时间和孔隙率以及浓度之间关系曲面拟合出两个多项式，在浆液浓度以及地仗酥碱程度已知的情况下，可以得到扩散面积及注浆量。

Plaster disruption is recognized as a mural "cancer", and its primary repair method involves grouting reinforcement. Due to the unique nature of cultural relics, directly detecting the reinforcement range of grouting is challenging. To comprehend the spreading range and pattern of the slurry in plaster disruption-damaged layers, an indoor grouting test was conducted using acrylic resin Paraloid B72 as the reinforcing agent. The penetration and diffusion of the slurry within the plaster disruption-damaged layer was focused on, examining the influence of factors such as slurry concentration, porosity of the damaged layer, and grouting methods on the spreading behavior of the slurry. The findings indicate that the trends of injection volume and diffusion range for both vertical and inclined grouting in the damaged layer are similar over time, with no significant differences observed. The diffusion pattern of the slurry is primarily characterized by spherical outward spreading. The spreading range of the slurry increases with larger pore sizes and decreases with higher slurry concentrations. Upon completion of the test, the diffusion range of the specimen was measured to be between 0.65 and 50 cm², with horizontal diffusion distances ranging from 1 to 5 cm and vertical diffusion distances from 1.15 to 10 cm. By utilizing a two-polynomial fit to model the relationship between the diffusion area, penetration rate of the slurry, time, porosity, and concentration, it becomes possible to estimate the diffusion area and the required amount of slurry when the concentration of the slurry and the degree of plaster disruption in the mural layer are known.