PDC（polycrystalline diamond compact bit）钻头目前是国内外主要的破岩工具之一，使用率高达85%以上，随着PDC钻头的使用会出现涡动现象。PDC钻头侧向力不平衡是发生涡动现象的主要原因，而减小PDC钻头侧向力主要通过合理的布齿设计。通过鲸鱼优化算法建立了侧向力平衡优化设计方法，利用其包围猎物，气泡网捕食，搜索猎物技术对PDC钻头刀翼周向角，各个切削齿的侧转角和后倾角，以及切削深度等切削结构进行优化。结果表明优化后侧钻比为2.2%，比优化前侧钻比降低了9.6%，达到比较理想的侧向力平衡状态，并且通过数值模拟分析验证了模型及平衡设计的有效性，因此，此方法可以用于PDC钻头侧向力平衡优化设计并且此研究方法有利于提高PDC钻头的破岩稳定性及钻头寿命，同时对破岩效率的提高有重要意义。

PDC(polycrystalline diamond compact bit) bit is one of the main rock-breaking tools at home and abroad, the utilization rate is as high as 85%, whirling phenomenon will appear with the use of PDC bit. The unbalanced lateral force of PDC bit is the main reason for whirling, and the lateral force of PDC bit can be reduced mainly by reasonable tooth arrangement design. The optimization design method of lateral force balance was established by whale optimization algorithm. Using its surrounding prey, bubble net predation, and prey search technology, the lateral angle of the PDC bit blade, the side rotation angle and the backward inclination angle of each cutting tooth, and the lateral angle of each cutting tooth were determined, and cutting depth and other cutting structure optimization. The results show that the optimized sidetracking ratio is 2.2%, which is 9.6% lower than that before optimization, achieving a relatively ideal lateral force balance state, and the effectiveness of the model and balance design is verified by numerical simulation analysis, this method can be used to optimize the lateral force balance design of PDC bit, and this research method is beneficial to improve the rock breaking stability and bit life of PDC bit, and it is of great significance to improve the rock breaking efficiency.